question

[jackcui]

which of following is not correct about interleukins?

1. IL-5 is produced by activated T helper cells and mast cells.
2. IL-3 is secreted by T helper cells and mast cells.
3. IL-8 is secreted by monocytes and macrophages.
4. IL-10 is produced by activated T cells and mast cells
5. IL-7 is secreted by bone marrow stromal cells.

(reference from Kaplan Dent essentials:

IL-5 (source) TH2 cees
IL-3 TH cells, NK cells
IL-8 Macrophagess, endothelial cesss
IL-10 TH2 cells
IL-7 Primary lymph organs (so this one should be correct answer)?

Each of the following DNA virus encodes a DNA polymerase except one, which is this exception?

1. Hepatitis B virus(yes for polymerase)
2. SV40
3. Adneovirus (No)
4. EB Virus (No)
5. Poxvirus (yes for polymerase)

which one should be the right answer?

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[jackcui]

Can u pls. explain how this is answer because what i have read Palmitic acid and Glycoholic acid have neglibility polarity due to long hydrocarbon chain

just check the structure of the molecules. it depends on which one to compare.

 

[jackcui]

All have high lipid contnt in cell wall xcept

mycobacteria
nocardia
bacteriods
cornybacteria

i think it should be nocardia, it is a g+ bacteria and should have less lipid in the cell wall.

 

[jackcui]

195. Which of the following represents the apex of the triangular-shaped boundary of the interproximal space?
A Alveolar bone
B. Gingival tissue
C. The marginal ridges of the adjacent teeth
D. The proximal surfaces of the adjacent teeth
E. The contact area of the adjacent teeth​

 

[jackcui]

2. Malignant epithelial cells have an increased number and wider distribution of which of the following receptors?
A Il-1
B. laminin
C. Histamine
D. Complement
E. Immunoglobulin​

 

[jackcui]

3. Each of the following is a risk factor in atherosclerosis EXCEPT one. Which one is this EXCEPTION?
A. Heredity
B. Alcohoiism
C. Hypertension
D. Diabetes mellitus
E. Hyperlipoproteinemia​

 

[jackcui]

4. Which of the following is the single MOST numerous group of microorganisms in the oral cavity?
A Enterococci
B. Staphylococci
C. Anaerobic streptococci
D. Facultative streptococci
E. Beta-hemolytic streptococci​

 

[seemabhatara]

195. Which of the following represents the apex of the triangular-shaped boundary of the interproximal space?
A Alveolar bone
B. Gingival tissue
C. The marginal ridges of the adjacent teeth
D. The proximal surfaces of the adjacent teeth
E. The contact area of the adjacent teeth​

E. The contact area of the adjacent teeth[/quote]

 

[seemabhatara]

2. Malignant epithelial cells have an increased number and wider distribution of which of the following receptors?
A Il-1
B. laminin
C. Histamine
D. Complement
E. Immunoglobulin​

B. laminin

 

[seemabhatara]

4. Which of the following is the single MOST numerous group of microorganisms in the oral cavity?
A Enterococci
B. Staphylococci
C. Anaerobic streptococci
D. Facultative streptococci
E. Beta-hemolytic streptococci​

D. Facultative streptococci

 

[seemabhatara]

3. Each of the following is a risk factor in atherosclerosis EXCEPT one. Which one is this EXCEPTION?
A. Heredity
B. Alcohoiism
C. Hypertension
D. Diabetes mellitus
E. Hyperlipoproteinemia​

B. Alcohoiism

 

[seemabhatara]

i think it should be nocardia, it is a g+ bacteria and should have less lipid in the cell wall.

ans is bacteriodes .........mycobac n nocardia rich waxy cell walls so nt possible
ALL R GRAM + XCEPT BACTERODES??????????

 

[jackcui]

ans is bacteriodes .........mycobac n nocardia rich waxy cell walls so nt possible
ALL R GRAM + XCEPT BACTERODES??????????

thanks

 

[jackcui]

12. In addition to Neisseriameningitidis which of the following is a significant cause of meningitis?
A Streptococcus faecalis
B. Streptococcus pyogenes
C. Streptococcus pneumoniae
D. Staphylococcus aureus
E. Staphylococcus epidermidis​

 

[seemabhatara]

12. In addition to Neisseriameningitidis which of the following is a significant cause of meningitis?
A Streptococcus faecalis
B. Streptococcus pyogenes
C. Streptococcus pneumoniae
D. Staphylococcus aureus
E. Staphylococcus epidermidis​

. Streptococcus pneumoniae(ELDERLY)

 

[seemabhatara]

18.. As the mouth is opened widely, the articular disk moves in what direction in relation to the articular eminence?
A Laterally
B. Anteriorly
C. Posteriorly
D. Medially
E. Superiorly​

????????

 

[jackcui]

????????

the key is C, posterior

I just think of it.

Yeh, got it,

When you open mouth , the condyle will go to upper cavity of the joint, so it will push the disk downward and posteriorly, but the eminance is fixed, so the disk will go posteriorly.

 

[seemabhatara]

the key is c, posterior

i just think of it.

Yeh, got it,

when you open mouth , the condyle will go to upper cavity of the joint, so it will push the disk downward and posteriorly, but the eminance is fixed, so the disk will go posteriorly.

if the md movs frwd does the disk moves postly?

 

[jackcui]

22. The MOST common source of massive hematemesis in alcoholics is (are)
A peptic ulcer.
B. acute gastritis.
C. esophagell varices.
D. Mallory-Weiis syndrome.
E. acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis.​

 

[seemabhatara]

22. The MOST common source of massive hematemesis in alcoholics is (are)
A peptic ulcer.
B. acute gastritis.
C. esophagell varices.
D. Mallory-Weiis syndrome.
E. acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis.​

D. Mallory-Weiis syndrome.

 

[jackcui]

if the md movs frwd does the disk moves postly?

I think it won't, don't forget that lataeral pterydoid muscle attached to the disc anteriorly

when mandibule protrude, the LPM will pull the disc forward, it can't move posteriorly.

I don't know if it make sense.

 

[jackcui]

D. Mallory-Weiis syndrome.

It couldn't be that, there is no relation between the alcoholism and the syndrome.

 

[seemabhatara]

i think it won't, don't forget that lataeral pterydoid muscle attached to the disc anteriorly

when mandibule protrude, the lpm will pull the disc forward, it can't move posteriorly.

I don't know if it make sense.

protruding contact position is
1 symmetrical position
2underside of meniscus moves distally relative to superior surface of md condyle

both statements r true.......so wt does it mean.........m really in a fix abt disc movmnt

 

[seemabhatara]

it couldn't be that, there is no relation between the alcoholism and the syndrome.

in this syndrome mallory weiss tears occur due to vomiting

 

[jackcui]

22. The MOST common source of massive hematemesis in alcoholics is (are)
A peptic ulcer.
B. acute gastritis.
C. esophagell varices.
D. Mallory-Weiis syndrome.
E. acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis.​

Let's think like this​

in the 5 given choices the d has the least possibility to choose because it is a developmental disorder, everyone no mater you have alcohole or not can suffer from that.​

second which can cause mass hematemsis? , yes, it is C esophagel varices, but does it have any relationship with alcoholism?​

yes, it has, since the complication of alcoholism is fatty liver (adiposis hepatica) - and then can cause cirrhosis, and then portal vein circulation is blocked and the lateral circulation build up-then cause esophargeal varices, which is easily cause hematemsis, so this is the answer.​

as for others, the ulceration of stomach also can induce hematemsis, but also could not find relation with alcoholism, acute gastritis could not induse hemarrhrge, as for acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis, it could not induce massive hemorrhage. only inside the gland.​

I don't know if it make sense?​

 

[seemabhatara]

22. The MOST common source of massive hematemesis in alcoholics is (are)
A peptic ulcer.
B. acute gastritis.
C. esophagell varices.
D. Mallory-Weiis syndrome.
E. acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis.​

Let's think like this​

in the 5 given choices the d has the least possibility to choose because it is a developmental disorder, everyone no mater you have alcohole or not can suffer from that.​

second which can cause mass hematemsis? , yes, it is C esophagel varices, but does it have any relationship with alcoholism?​

yes, it has, since the complication of alcoholism is fatty liver (adiposis hepatica) - and then can cause cirrhosis, and then portal vein circulation is blocked and the lateral circulation build up-then cause esophargeal varices, which is easily cause hematemsis, so this is the answer.​

as for others, the ulceration of stomach also can induce hematemsis, but also could not find relation with aocoholism, acute gastritis could not induse hemarrhrge, as for acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis, it could not induce massive hemorrhage. only inside the gland.​

I don't know if it make sense?​

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mallory-Weiss_syndrome
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11901986

 

[jackcui]

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mallory-Weiss_syndrome

Yeh, what you thought is reasonable, but for this syndrome, the motivation is violent retching or vomiting , but the question did not mention that.

and also the C is more fittable for this question. still should choose C

Thanks for your second link. but the esophadeal varice + Mallory-Weiss_syndrome will be die very quickly.

 

[jackcui]

23. A 17-year-old patient has periodontitis involving the anterior teeth with sparse plaque. Which of the following is the probable primary pathogen?
A Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans
B. Bacteroides forsythus
C. Fusobacterium nucieatum
D. Porphyromonas gingivalis
E. Prevotella intermedia​

 

[seemabhatara]

23. A 17-year-old patient has periodontitis involving the anterior teeth with sparse plaque. Which of the following is the probable primary pathogen?
AActinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans
B. Bacteroides forsythus
C. Fusobacterium nucieatum
D. Porphyromonas gingivalis
E. Prevotella intermedia​

Aa n capnocytophaga localisd periodontitis

 

[jackcui]

Which of the following represents the MOST reliable postmortem indicator of left venticular cardiac failure?
A. Ascites
B. Venous congestion
C. Enlargement of the spleen
D. Peripheral edema of the ankles
E. Chronic passive congestion of the lungs​

 

[seemabhatara]

Which of the following represents the MOST reliable postmortem indicator of left venticular cardiac failure?
A. Ascites
B. Venous congestion
C. Enlargement of the spleen
D. Peripheral edema of the ankles
E. Chronic passive congestion of the lungs​

. Chronic passive congestion of the lungs

 

[dental material]

168. A diminished oxygen tension in the myocardium causes immediate
A. vasoconstriction of coronary vessels.----answer
B. vasodilation of coronary vessels.
C. stimulation of chemoreceptors.
D. inhibition of chemoreceptors.

Acc. to me ans should be c because decrease in less o2 and more CO2 and H+ cause peripheral chemoreceptors stimulation which in turn cause increase in sympathetic activity.
Pls. correct if i am wrong

 

[dreamchaser]

I think it won't, don't forget that lataeral pterydoid muscle attached to the disc anteriorly

when mandibule protrude, the LPM will pull the disc forward, it can't move posteriorly.

I don't know if it make sense.

[YOUTUBE]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fyHGOOhxHGs&feature=related[/YOUTUBE]

 

[jackcui]

The presence of which of the following in a patient's serum affords protection agaiAst hepatitis B?

A Anti-HBcAg
B. Anti-Mt5 Mg
C. Anti-HAV
D. Anti-HBeAg

I am not sure the B might be anti-HBsAg​

 

[jackcui]

[youtube]fyHGOOhxHGs[/youtube]

Thanks, it is great!

 

[dental material]

i think it should be nocardia, it is a g+ bacteria and should have less lipid in the cell wall.

All have high lipid contnt in cell wall xcept

mycobacteria
nocardia
bacteriods
cornybacteria

ans should be bacteroids
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actinobacteria

 

[seemabhatara]

Thanks, it is great!

so hw the disc movin in posterior direction during wide opn mouth position??????????????still m nt clear is it tht durin initial openin it is movin along wth the condyle in ant directon but durin wide openin disc moves lttle posteriorly???????????

 

[jackcui]

43. The oral lesions of herpangina can often be distinguished from hand-foot-and-mout disease by whicfi of the following?
A Their physical appearance
B. Their intraoral locations
C. Their density and number
D. Their gradual confluence​

 

[gotadoit]

i think ans is eusophageal varices because it is related to liver cirrhosis, nd alcohol affects liver .

 

[jackcui]

45. A viremia is characterized by which of the following?
A Infected cells are transformed.
B. Infected cells are no longer releasing virus.
C. The virus is most easily spread via gastrointesiinal secretions.
D. The virus is most susceptible to circulating antibodies.​

 

[seemabhatara]

45. A viremia is characterized by which of the following?
A Infected cells are transformed.
B. Infected cells are no longer releasing virus.
C. The virus is most easily spread via gastrointesiinal secretions.
D. The virus is most susceptible to circulating antibodies.​

D. The virus is most susceptible to circulating antibodies

 

[seemabhatara]

43. The oral lesions of herpangina can often be distinguished from hand-foot-and-mout disease by whicfi of the following?
A Their physical appearance
B. Their intraoral locations
C. Their density and number
D. Their gradual confluence​

B. Their intraoral locations

 

[jackcui]

48. Each of the following represents a common opportunistic infection associated with hiv EXCEPT one. Which one is this EXCEPTION?
A Candidiasis
B. Hairy leukoplakia
C. Adenovirus conjunctivitis
D. Cryptosporidium enterocolitis
E. Pneumocystic carinii pneumonia​

 

[seemabhatara]

48. Each of the following represents a common opportunistic infection associated with hiv EXCEPT one. Which one is this EXCEPTION?
A Candidiasis
B. Hairy leukoplakia
C. Adenovirus conjunctivitis
D. Cryptosporidium enterocolitis
E. Pneumocystic carinii pneumonia​

C. Adenovirus conjunctivitis

 

[jackcui]

49. Acute biliary obstruction produces a nse in
A urobilinogen in urine.
B. urobilinogen in stool.
C. conjugated bilirubin in urine.
D. conjugated bilirubin in serum.
E. unconjugated bilirubin in serum.​

 

[seemabhatara]

49. Acute biliary obstruction produces a nse in
A urobilinogen in urine.
B. urobilinogen in stool.
C. conjugated bilirubin in urine.
D. conjugated bilirubin in serum.
E. unconjugated bilirubin in serum.​

E. unconjugated bilirubin in serum.

 

[jackcui]

E. unconjugated bilirubin in serum.

Key is D.

 

[seemabhatara]

key is d.

since livr function is normal n only bile duct is blockd so conjugatd bilirubin forms in the livr

 

[jackcui]

60. In anemia resulting from drug-induced bone marrow suppression, the peripheral blood smear shows erythrocytes to be
A hypochromic - microcytic.
B. hypochromic - normocytic.
C. normochromic - normocytic.
D. normochromic - microcytic.
E. hyperchromic - macrocytic.​

 

[seemabhatara]

60. In anemia resulting from drug-induced bone marrow suppression, the peripheral blood smear shows erythrocytes to be
A hypochromic - microcytic.
B. hypochromic - normocytic.
C. normochromic - normocytic.
D. normochromic - microcytic.
E. hyperchromic - macrocytic.​

[/quote
]B. hypochromic - normocytic.

 

[jackcui]

60. In anemia resulting from drug-induced bone marrow suppression, the peripheral blood smear shows erythrocytes to be

A hypochromic - microcytic.
B. hypochromic - normocytic.
C. normochromic - normocytic.
D. normochromic - microcytic.
E. hyperchromic - macrocytic.​

[/quote
]B. hypochromic - normocytic.

key is c.