Part -1 questions

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quest_life

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1) Where the ulnar nerve is easily injured?

2) Fluorodeoxyuridine inhibits?

3)How does p/o ratio alter in mitochondria,when an uncoupler is added?(can someone explain the p/o ratio concept please ?

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questlife and porcelain258 please do a favor..
please expain the answers for PH ques and low o2 ..ie q2 n q5.

Thanx
in the 1st question, solution A is less acidic compared to sol.B ....so shd have less hydrogen ions than in sol.B which is indicated only in choice no. 1

regarding 5th q, low po2 in arterial blood is seen in pulmonary AV shunt becoz there is a pathological mixing of arterial and venous blood which will lower the po2 in the pulm. venous blood
in anemia, oxygen content of hemoglobin is reduced and no effect on po2
 
Can someone help me with answers to these questions?

Thanks you!

Which nerve accompanies the extenal jugular vein
A phrenic
B great auricular
C lesser occipital

2 facial n and vestibulocochlear nerve pass through
a internal auditory meatus
b stylomastoid foramen

3 if V nerve is cut below medulla wat happens
a loss of sensation of pain same side
b loss of sensation of pain ipsilateral
c loss of propriocepion same side
d loss of sensation of propriception opposite side

4 sensory nucleus for v, vi, ix ,vii ,x nerve is
spinal nucleus of v
sensory nucleus of v
mesencephalic nucleus of v

5 vagus passes through
jugular foramen

6 proprioception in pdl
mesencephalic nucleus of v

7 vasculitis in children
buergers
kawasakis
giant cell vasculitis

8 h. pylori produces
urease
collagenasr
coagulase

clostridia perfringens is
sacharolytic
proteolytic
nucleolytic

10 antivirals are(mode of action)
a against nucleic acid
b against rna
c against protien

11 in group function occlusion on 1 side if canines are taken out from one side what happens

12 how can u increase incisal guidance

13 cns infection with insect vector is cauded by
ricketssiae
chlymydiae

14 pneumonitis with bird droppings is caused by

15) cancers due to all except
a asbestosis
anthracosis
plyamines
plycyclic aromatic compounds

16) canines have all charecteristics except
fossa
cinculum marginal ridges
developmental grooves

17 all teeth have which ridges
marginal ridge

18 what is sympathetic end organ

19 corticobulbar tracts from cerebrum to

20 pons has which nulei
pontine nucleus
vth nerve nucleus.

21 tentorium cerebelli separates cerebrum from cerebellum

22a person canot hear vibrations of a fork, he can hear it if its kept on his mastoid antrum , this indicates wat damage

23 all muscles of tongue are supplied by hypoglossal except
palatoglossus

24 separation of retropharyngeal space at level of oro pharynx is by carotid sheath.

25 fauces formed by 2 folds palatoglossus and palatopharyngeus.

26 epithelium of intercalated duct is simple cuboidal.

27epithelium of maxillary sinus is:

28 terminal branches of external carotid artery

29 infection in cavernous sinus will affect all except
optic ,3,4, 5, 6

30 anterior wall of axilla formed by pectoralis major

31 terminal extensions of brachial plexus are
cord, roots , division, branches

32 parallel to rods and hypocalcified arising from dej are
tufts
hunterschregger bands
spindles

33which tooth most commonly has a groove on lingual goes to root

34terminal branch of mandibular nerve

35infratemporal fossa medial wall has
sphenomandibular lgament
pterygomaxillary fissure

36 if condyle fractured at neck still it receives bld supply from


37 thoracic duct crosses the abdominal cavity through
posterior mediastinum,

38posterior part of the disc connected by
cartilage ,fibrousb bands

39 nasal septum formed by

40peripheral nerve tissue consistes of all except
axons,cell bodies, fibroblasts

41 wat is avasular?
Cartilage,nerve, bone, muscle
 
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if any one can answer them in one attempt without looking in to the books or reference texts , they can get following scores in anatomy in real part 1 exam.

12/12 ----100 score
11/12---99
10/12---95 and above
8-9/12---90 and above
6-7/12---85 and above
5/12----75 and above

good luck guys

.1 polymerization of aminoacids to form procollagen filaments occurs.
.a on ribosomes.
.b in golgi apparatus.
.c on the fibroblastic surface.
.d in rough ER( ans).
.e. after cleavage of the registration peptide..

2 which of the following does not have an active electron transport across the mitochondrial memebrane?
a)brain,
b)pancreas,
C)kidney,
d)blood,
e)liver

3) Each of the following factors affect height of the cusps and depths of fossae on restorations except one. Which one is the exception?
a- curve of spee
b-intercondylar distance( ans)
c-vertical overlap of anterior teeth
d-horizontal overlap of anterior teeth
e-steepness of the articular eminence



.4)In erytrhopoiesis, which of the following increases from the proerythroblast to the mature erythrocyte?.
.a. Cell size.
.b. Phagocytic ability.
.c. Cytoplasmic acidophilia( ans).
.d. Cytoplasmis basophilia.



.5 ..Wich of the following is the feature of Y chromosome?.
.a acrocentic.
.b-telocentric( ans).
.c-submetacentric.
.d-metacentric .


.6.Primary function of lysosomes in steroid producing cells?.
.a.digest cellular debris.
.b.hydrolyse spent cellular organelles.
.c. remove excess steroid from cells.
.d.remove steroid precursors.
.e. cleave the ester from cholestrol ester to produce free ..cholesterol.



7viscosity is greatest in
a.vasa recta( ans)
b.aorta
c.pulmonary artery
d.pulmonary vein
e.SVC


8 what type of hemoglobin do diabetic pts have:
a.HbF
b.HbA
c.Hbic( ans)hba1c i mean that is glycosolated hb
d.Hbs

9 Which of the following structures is lined with epithelium derived from mesoderm of the ureteric bud?
A. Bowman's capsule
B. Distal convoluted tubule
C. Loop of Henle
D. Proximal convoluted tubule
E. Ureter




.10 If a person has normal musculature, but has difficulty swallowing, which nerves should be tested for function? .
.A. Hypoglossal and phrenic .
.B. Hypoglossal and splanchnic .
.C. Glossopharyngeal and vagus ( ans).
.D. Phrenic and vagus .
.E. Splanchnic and vagus.


11 nerves of anterior abdominal wall lie immediately deep to which layer of the wall?
A.external oblique muscle
B.internal oblique muscle( ans)
C.transversus abdominis
D.transversalis fascia
E.peritoneum



12 vasodilation and increased vasopermeability lasting for several days in an area of inflarmation indicate which of the following?
a.thrombosis
b.release of bradykinin
c.hageman factor activation
d.formation of granulation tissue????
e.endothelial cell damage and disruption( ans)




please do correct me if iam wrong
 
this is a ques from micro decks..i dn have the answer so posting the q

most commom form of secondary hypertension?
 
DNA complementary to mRNA can be made with help of:

-reverse transcriptase or RNA polymerase....????
plz reply
 
.1 polymerization of aminoacids to form procollagen filaments occurs.
.a on ribosomes.
.b in golgi apparatus.
.c on the fibroblastic surface.
.d in rough ER.
.e. after cleavage of the registration peptide.
. explanation--(Individual collagen polypeptide chains are synthesized on membrane-bound ribosomes and injected into the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) as larger precursors, called pro-a chains. These precursors have a short amino-terminal signal peptide that is required to direct the nascent polypeptide into the ER, and additional amino acid sequences at both the amino- and carboxy-terminal ends called propeptides. In the lumen of the ER, selected proline and lysine residues are hydroxylated to form hydroxyproline (HyP) and hydroxylysine (HyL) residues by specific hydroxylase enzymes that require vitamin C. Some of the hydroxylysine residues are glycosylated by specific glycosylation enzymes. Each pro-a chain is a left-handed helix and the three pro-a chains are wrapped in a right handed triple helical molecule known as procollagen. The hydroxyl groups of the HyL and HyP amino acids form interchain hydrogen bonds that help stabilize the triple-stranded helix. Dietary deficiency of vitamin C causes under hydroxylation of the procollagen chains which destabilizes the triple helix and causes scurvy.)


2 which of the following does not have an active electron transport across the mitochondrial memebrane?
a)brain,
b)pancreas,
C)kidney,
d)blood,
e)liver

3) Each of the following factors affect height of the cusps and depths of fossae on restorations except one. Which one is the exception?
a- curve of spee
b-intercondylar distance
c-vertical overlap of anterior teeth
d-horizontal overlap of anterior teeth
e-steepness of the articular eminence



.4)In erytrhopoiesis, which of the following increases from the proerythroblast to the mature erythrocyte?.
.a. Cell size.
.b. Phagocytic ability.
.c. Cytoplasmic acidophilia.
.d. Cytoplasmis basophilia.



.5 ..Wich of the following is the feature of Y chromosome?.
.a acrocentic.
.b-telocentric.
.c-submetacentric.
.d-metacentric .


.6.Primary function of lysosomes in steroid producing cells?.
.a.digest cellular debris.
.b.hydrolyse spent cellular organelles.
.c. remove excess steroid from cells.
.d.remove steroid precursors.
.e. cleave the ester from cholestrol ester to produce free ..cholesterol.



7viscosity is greatest in
a.vasa recta
b.aorta
c.pulmonary artery
d.pulmonary vein
e.SVC


8 what type of hemoglobin do diabetic pts have:
a.HbF
b.HbA
c.Hbic
d.Hbs

9 Which of the following structures is lined with epithelium derived from mesoderm of the ureteric bud?
A. Bowman's capsule
B. Distal convoluted tubule
C. Loop of Henle
D. Proximal convoluted tubule
E. Ureter




.10 If a person has normal musculature, but has difficulty swallowing, which nerves should be tested for function? .
.A. Hypoglossal and phrenic .
.B. Hypoglossal and splanchnic .
.C. Glossopharyngeal and vagus .
.D. Phrenic and vagus .
.E. Splanchnic and vagus(.
The upper2/3 of the esophagus contains striated muscles.It is derived from the pharyngeal arches and innervated by vagus. The lower1/3 contains smooth muscle from splanchnic mesoderm and is innervated by the splanchnic plexus. The vagus has mixed sensory and motor function. The sensory fiber innervate the sensory nuclei and autonomic centers of the medulla oblongata.The motor fibers innervate muscles of the palate,pharynx and respiratory and cardiovascular systems. glosso and vagus for voluntary swallowing(hypoglossal also plays a part, in controlling the tongue, an essential component of voluntary swallowing... diff phases...)
and vagus and splanchnic for involuntary swallowing...


11 nerves of anterior abdominal wall lie immediately deep to which layer of the wall?
A.external oblique muscle
B.internal oblique muscle
C.transversus abdominis
D.transversalis fascia
E.peritoneum



12 vasodilation and increased vasopermeability lasting for several days in an area of inflarmation indicate which of the following?
a.thrombosis
b.release of bradykinin
c.hageman factor activation
d.formation of granulation tissue
e.endothelial cell damage and disruption
 
Members don't see this ad :)
Capillary diameter is directly influenced by
1.parasymapathetic nerve impulse
2.byproducts of metabolism
3.sympathetic nerve impulse
4.axon reflexes.

ans) is 2..but i think it 3...can any one please confirm the answer..

thankyou
 
if any one can answer them in one attempt without looking in to the books or reference texts , they can get following scores in anatomy in real part 1 exam.

12/12 ----100 score
11/12---99
10/12---95 and above
8-9/12---90 and above
6-7/12---85 and above
5/12----75 and above

good luck guys

.1 polymerization of aminoacids to form procollagen filaments occurs.
.a on ribosomes.
.b in golgi apparatus.
.c on the fibroblastic surface.
.d in rough ER- ans.
.e. after cleavage of the registration peptide..

2 which of the following does not have an active electron transport across the mitochondrial memebrane?
a)brain,
b)pancreas,
C)kidney,
d)blood- ans
e)liver

3) Each of the following factors affect height of the cusps and depths of fossae on restorations except one. Which one is the exception?
a- curve of spee
b-intercondylar distance- ans
c-vertical overlap of anterior teeth
d-horizontal overlap of anterior teeth
e-steepness of the articular eminence



.4)In erytrhopoiesis, which of the following increases from the proerythroblast to the mature erythrocyte?.
.a. Cell size.
.b. Phagocytic ability.
.c. Cytoplasmic acidophilia- ans.
.d. Cytoplasmis basophilia.



.5 ..Wich of the following is the feature of Y chromosome?.
.a acrocentic.
.b-telocentric- ans.
.c-submetacentric.
.d-metacentric .


.6.Primary function of lysosomes in steroid producing cells?.
.a.digest cellular debris.
.b.hydrolyse spent cellular organelles.
.c. remove excess steroid from cells- ans.
.d.remove steroid precursors.
.e. cleave the ester from cholestrol ester to produce free ..cholesterol.



7viscosity is greatest in
a.vasa recta- ans
b.aorta
c.pulmonary artery
d.pulmonary vein
e.SVC


8 what type of hemoglobin do diabetic pts have:
a.HbF
b.HbA
c.Hbic- ans
d.Hbs

9 Which of the following structures is lined with epithelium derived from mesoderm of the ureteric bud?
A. Bowman's capsule- ans????
B. Distal convoluted tubule
C. Loop of Henle
D. Proximal convoluted tubule
E. Ureter




.10 If a person has normal musculature, but has difficulty swallowing, which nerves should be tested for function? .
.A. Hypoglossal and phrenic .
.B. Hypoglossal and splanchnic .
.C. Glossopharyngeal and vagus- ans.
.D. Phrenic and vagus .
.E. Splanchnic and vagus.


11 nerves of anterior abdominal wall lie immediately deep to which layer of the wall?
A.external oblique muscle
B.internal oblique muscle- ans
C.transversus abdominis
D.transversalis fascia
E.peritoneum



12 vasodilation and increased vasopermeability lasting for several days in an area of inflarmation indicate which of the following?
a.thrombosis
b.release of bradykinin
c.hageman factor activation
d.formation of granulation tissue????
e.endothelial cell damage and disruption- ans


Please correct me if i am wrong
 
Capillary diameter is directly influenced by
1.parasymapathetic nerve impulse
2.byproducts of metabolism
3.sympathetic nerve impulse
4.axon reflexes.

ans) is 2..but i think it 3...can any one please confirm the answer..

thankyou
this q refers to autoregulation in tissues in which vasodilatory metabolites eg.adenosine directly regulates the blood flow to organs by increasing the capilary diameter in the organ itself
 
thanks porcelain 258!!!ya u r right may be i shud have concentrated on the word "directly"
influence..

goodluck
 
thats the ans i have. even im confuse with this.
may be due to hageman factor related stimulation of bradykinin which causes the increase vasodilation.

hey porcelain258 !! wt about this Q .. i found it smwhere ..lol... wtever i think .. this Q may clear up smthin about 12th Q


2.which chemical mediator of acute inflammation is generated through the activation of an enzyme precursor that require activated hageman factor?
a.bradykinin
b.serotonin
c.histamine
d.leokotriene(LTB4)
e.prostacyclin(pgl2)
 
for q related to collagen asked above ..i think that answer should be golgi.I read from usmle first aid it states that..in golgi of fibroblasts glycosylation of pro alpha chain lysine residues and procollagen is formed.these
procollagen molecules are exocytosed into extracellular space.

In RER..collagen alpha chains PREPRocollagen is translated on RER.
hydroxlation of proline and lysine residues occur on ER.

outside fibroblasts..
procollagen peptidase cleaves procollagen, trannsfoming it into insolube tropocollagen.Tropocollagen molecules are reinforced by lysine hydrolysine cross linkage by lysyl oxidase to make collagen fibrils.


Please come forward and discuss
 
for q related to collagen asked above ..i think that answer should be golgi.I read from usmle first aid it states that..in golgi of fibroblasts glycosylation of pro alpha chain lysine residues and procollagen is formed.these
procollagen molecules are exocytosed into extracellular space.

In RER..collagen alpha chains PREPRocollagen is translated on RER.
hydroxlation of proline and lysine residues occur on ER.

outside fibroblasts..
procollagen peptidase cleaves procollagen, trannsfoming it into insolube tropocollagen.Tropocollagen molecules are reinforced by lysine hydrolysine cross linkage by lysyl oxidase to make collagen fibrils.


Please come forward and discuss

you r absolutely right docasrpa but the only wrong thing is that procollagen is cleaved by peptidases to form soluble tropocollagen ....not insoluble becoz that is what serves the purpose of cleaving becoz procollagen is insoluble
 
hey porcelain258 !! wt about this Q .. i found it smwhere ..lol... wtever i think .. this Q may clear up smthin about 12th Q


2.which chemical mediator of acute inflammation is generated through the activation of an enzyme precursor that require activated hageman factor?
a.bradykinin
b.serotonin
c.histamine
d.leokotriene(LTB4)
e.prostacyclin(pgl2)
yes rajvanvar that makes sense now!!!:thumbup:
thanku ....and bradykinin is a vasodilator for sure
 
decks ques

which is true?

HIV is the most infectious target of standard blood precautions

or
HBV is the ........do............................................................
 
decks ques

which is true?

HIV is the most infectious target of standard blood precautions

or
HBV is the ........do............................................................
i think it should be HBV... concentration of HBV in blood of carrier can range from 1,000,000 to 100,000,000 virions per ml, in contrast ot singnificantly lower loads demonstrated for HIV.
this is present in decks too.
 
powerful oxidizing agent that inactivates bacteria and virus by oxisizing free sulfhydrl groups?

alcohol
chlorine
phenol
formaldehyde
 
after amoxicillin administration,,pt becomes hypotensive , itchy , and difficulty breathing due to : amoxicillin reacts with IgE and activates cytotoxic T cells to release lymphokines..

or

IgE bound to antigen results in histamine release frm mast cell

plzzzzzzz reply

thanks
 
after amoxicillin administration,,pt becomes hypotensive , itchy , and difficulty breathing due to : amoxicillin reacts with IgE and activates cytotoxic T cells to release lymphokines..

or

IgE bound to antigen results in histamine release frm mast cell

plzzzzzzz reply

thanks
:thumbup:
 
following predisposes to develop cancer except one:

-asbestosis
-anthracosis
-gardners syndrome
-ulcerative colitis
 
what is the outcome of a patient with hepatitis C??

-chronic hepatitis or hepatocellular carcinoma
 
microflora of healthy gingival sulcus is?

gram -ve anerobic rods and fusobacteria
gram +ve cocci and filamentous bacteria
gram+ve facultative rods and spirochetes
 
epithelial changes in Baretts oesophagus..
please confirm the change in type of epithelium..decks and wikipedia oppose each other.
 
epithelial changes in Baretts oesophagus..
please confirm the change in type of epithelium..decks and wikipedia oppose each other.
barrets esophagus is d/t hypersecretion of acid in the stomach and its reflux n so epithelium changes from str.squamous to simple columnar (glandular epithelium)as is found in rest of GIT which can result in adenocarcinoma of esophagus
 
ans shd be gram negative anaerobic rods and fusobacteria
i think ans is right with gram positive n filamentous bact.
because gram negative colonies later to appear .. in plaque .. so if plaque is in later stages then for sure gingivitis will also be there fir sure.
 
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