I'm a pre-med student and I'm looking into getting into DO schools. I was wondering if DOs are recognized all around the world. I came to know that some counties do not recognize DOs because of certain confusions caused by the British educational system (they have an osteopathic degree which is waaay different). So if I happen to take the USMLE and the COMLEX, would that be good enough to prove that my medical education is equivalent to an MDs?
Can DOs practice internationally?
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AOA INTERNATIONAL LICENSURE SUMMARY
Updated: July 2006
This summary of licensure availability in countries for graduates of United States osteopathic medical schools is revised and expanded on a continual basis. Some countries have definite policies regarding either the licensure of D.O.s, the licensure of internationally trained physicians and health care practitioners and/or the licensure of non-citizens. A few countries have consistently refused to grant U.S.-trained D.O.s full practice rights, often permitting them to perform only manipulation and sometimes refusing to grant them any type of practice. Other countries, however, are simply not educated on the qualifications of U.S.-trained D.O.s and their equivalence in education, training and practice to M.D.s. To that end, communication with international health care officials can be a time consuming and formidable task.
There are a few issues to keep in mind when researching licensure possibilities in foreign countries. Many countries that were or continue to be under British influence adhere to Britain's definition of an "osteopath," a non-physician health care practitioner who practices only manipulation. Due to the similarity of the titles, many of these countries refuse to grant U.S.-trained D.O.s practice rights beyond the scope of manipulation.
Further, the procedure by which international countries consider granting physician licensure to foreigners is not consistent among all countries. The procedure can take the form of a simple interview with a Minister of Health or Medical Board, a handshake with a governmental insider or the submission to a battery of examinations, intensive residencies and the like.
Also, the intent and type of practice sought by the U.S.-trained D.O. might warrant a substantially different application procedure. For example, those who are interested in working on a volunteer basis or for a mission often find the process less hindered by paperwork and legal regulations. For this reason, an applicant should be as clear as possible about his or her intentions when making a written inquiry.
The following is a catalog of countries in which the AOA has investigated osteopathic licensure. Included in each country's listing is the year in which the last request for updated licensure status was made, the scope of osteopathic practice in that country, an overview of issues specific to that country and the contact for licensure inquiries. As you will note, information regarding many of these countries is out-of-date and has not been reevaluated. In addition, licensure status can change from year to year - so it is encouraged that the individual contact the appropriate authority well in advance of an expected visit or move.
Should you wish to investigate licensure possibilities in a country not listed below or would like to have more information regarding one of the listed countries, please contact the AOA Division of State Government & International Affairs, 142 East Ontario, Chicago IL 60611; (800) 621-1773 ext. 8196.
Further, it would be of great help to the AOA and other osteopathic physicians if the AOA Division of State Government Affairs were notified of the outcome of any inquiries. In addition, if correspondence from international health agencies is received, please forward copies for the files maintained at the AOA. This will help greatly with future inquiries.
Updated: July 2006
This summary of licensure availability in countries for graduates of United States osteopathic medical schools is revised and expanded on a continual basis. Some countries have definite policies regarding either the licensure of D.O.s, the licensure of internationally trained physicians and health care practitioners and/or the licensure of non-citizens. A few countries have consistently refused to grant U.S.-trained D.O.s full practice rights, often permitting them to perform only manipulation and sometimes refusing to grant them any type of practice. Other countries, however, are simply not educated on the qualifications of U.S.-trained D.O.s and their equivalence in education, training and practice to M.D.s. To that end, communication with international health care officials can be a time consuming and formidable task.
There are a few issues to keep in mind when researching licensure possibilities in foreign countries. Many countries that were or continue to be under British influence adhere to Britain's definition of an "osteopath," a non-physician health care practitioner who practices only manipulation. Due to the similarity of the titles, many of these countries refuse to grant U.S.-trained D.O.s practice rights beyond the scope of manipulation.
Further, the procedure by which international countries consider granting physician licensure to foreigners is not consistent among all countries. The procedure can take the form of a simple interview with a Minister of Health or Medical Board, a handshake with a governmental insider or the submission to a battery of examinations, intensive residencies and the like.
Also, the intent and type of practice sought by the U.S.-trained D.O. might warrant a substantially different application procedure. For example, those who are interested in working on a volunteer basis or for a mission often find the process less hindered by paperwork and legal regulations. For this reason, an applicant should be as clear as possible about his or her intentions when making a written inquiry.
The following is a catalog of countries in which the AOA has investigated osteopathic licensure. Included in each country's listing is the year in which the last request for updated licensure status was made, the scope of osteopathic practice in that country, an overview of issues specific to that country and the contact for licensure inquiries. As you will note, information regarding many of these countries is out-of-date and has not been reevaluated. In addition, licensure status can change from year to year - so it is encouraged that the individual contact the appropriate authority well in advance of an expected visit or move.
Should you wish to investigate licensure possibilities in a country not listed below or would like to have more information regarding one of the listed countries, please contact the AOA Division of State Government & International Affairs, 142 East Ontario, Chicago IL 60611; (800) 621-1773 ext. 8196.
Further, it would be of great help to the AOA and other osteopathic physicians if the AOA Division of State Government Affairs were notified of the outcome of any inquiries. In addition, if correspondence from international health agencies is received, please forward copies for the files maintained at the AOA. This will help greatly with future inquiries.
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Argentina
Year of Last Request: 1994
Scope of Practice: unlimited
Per correspondence from the Ministry of Culture and Education, it appears that U.S.-trained D.O.s will be permitted to obtain a full physician license in Argentina in accordance with requirements for all foreign physicians. Argentine law does not specifically include osteopathic medicine or the D.O. degree; instead, foreign physicians must submit credentials to various agencies and then appear before any of the National Universities in order to have their diploma considered as an Argentine equivalent.
Contact: Secretary General
Confederacion Medica Argentina
Ave Belgrano 1235
Buenos Aires 1093
Argentina
P: 541143838414
Aruba
Year of Last Request: 1993
Scope of Practice: denied
Per its director, the Aruba Public Health Department can only issue a license to graduates from five U.S. medical schools, none of which are osteopathic medical schools.
Contact: Director
Public Health Department
Oranjestad
ARUBA
Australia
Year of Last Request: 2000
Scope of Practice: varies
The Australia Medical Council has continually denied requests by the AOA to recognize U.S. educated and trained D.O.s for the unlimited practice of medicine. However, a U.S. educated and trained osteopathic physician was recruited to head up an emergency room in the suburbs of Sydney. Through the efforts of the hospital, he secured an unlimited medical license through the New South Wales Medical Board upon endorsement of the Australian College of Emergency Medicine. It appears that licensure would be dependent on the state.
Contact: New South Wales Medical Board
Medical Board Building
Off Punt Road
PO Box 104
Gladesville NSW 1675
New South Wales
AUSTRALIA
http://www.nswmb.org.au
Australian Medical Council
PO Box 4810
Kingston Act 2604
AUSTRALIA
http://www.amc.org.au
Austria
Year of Last Request: 1994
Scope of Practice: unlimited, but difficult to obtain
In order to practice in Austria, a hospital must have a position available, which cannot otherwise be filled by an Austrian physician.
Contact: Austrian Medical Chamber
Weihburggasse 10-12
A1010 Vienna
AUSTRIA
http://www.aek.or.at
[email protected]
P:43151406931
Bahamas
Year of Last Request: 1997
Scope of Practice: unlimited
In January 1997, the Bahamian Medical Council, for the first time, issued a license to practice cardiac and vascular surgery to a U.S.-trained D.O.
Contact: Registrar, Bahamian Medical Council
PO Box N-9802
Nassau
BAHAMAS
(242)326-0538
Barbados
Year of Last Request: 1974
Scope of Practice: limited to manipulation
No provision for registration or licensure of osteopathic physicians exists yet the Ministry of Health and Welfare refused to grant full practice rights to a U.S.-trained D.O. in 1974.
Contact: Barbados Medical Council
Minister of Health
Old Hospital Building
Jemmott's Lane
St. Michael
BARBADOS
P:246275130
Belize
Year of Last Request: 2005
Scope of Practice: unlimited
Chapter 318, Section 7(1) of the Medical Practitioner's Registration Act of Belize "allows for the registration of medical practitioners who satisfy the Council of their eligibility for registration including Belizean residency." However, Section 7(7) B delineates requirements for temporary registration (less than one year) as follows:
• Employment on a full-time basis with a non-profit organization or hospital; or
• Contracted with a private institution where no Belizean is qualified for the job; or
• Practicing a specialty that is not provided in Belize.
The AOA was notified that a US-educated DO was granted a temporary license as a psychiatrist in Belize.
Contact: Chairman, Belize Medical Council
Northern Regional Hospital
Holy Trinity Street
Orange Walk Town
Belize
[email protected]
(501) 322-2072
BermudaYear of Last Request: 1997
Scope of Practice: unlimited
Applicants must have graduated from an approved college of osteopathic medicine accredited by the AOA, have successfully completed two years of postgraduate training as a minimum, and must be examined by the Council's Examination Committee or interviewed by the Council. Non-Bermudan physicians must have approval from the Ministry of Labour and Home Affairs to work on the island.
Contact: Bermuda Medical Council
Ministry of Health & Family Services
PO Box HM11 95
Hamilton Hm Ex
Bermuda
P:14412360224
Bolivia
Year of Last Request: 1988
Scope of Practice: unknown
According to AOA file information, a response was not received from the Embassy.
Contact: Embassy of Bolivia Colegio Medico de Bolivia
3014 Massachusetts Avenue, NW OR Calle Ballivian 1266
Washington, DC 20008 La Paz
BOLIVIA
Brazil
Year of Last Request: 2000
Scope of Practice: unlimited
A U.S. educated osteopathic physician was granted an unlimited license to practice medicine in Brazil. It is a difficult process and requires taking and passing a Brazilian examination., establishing residency, and do some training in Brazilian hospitals.
Contact: Conselvio Federal de Medicina
SGAS 915
Brasilla DF 70390-150
Brazil
[email protected]
P:614455900
Cambodia
Year of Last Request: 1992
Scope of Practice: unknown
Several attempts to contact the Minister of Health in Cambodia have failed, most likely due to the current political unrest. No Cambodian Embassy exists in the United States, yet the AOA has established a contact through a non profit, Cambodian-advocacy organization the director of which has ties with Cambodian Health officials.
Contact: Cambodian Medical Association
#73 Boulevard Preah Monivong
Phnom Penh
CAMBODIA
Year of Last Request: 1994
Scope of Practice: unlimited
Per correspondence from the Ministry of Culture and Education, it appears that U.S.-trained D.O.s will be permitted to obtain a full physician license in Argentina in accordance with requirements for all foreign physicians. Argentine law does not specifically include osteopathic medicine or the D.O. degree; instead, foreign physicians must submit credentials to various agencies and then appear before any of the National Universities in order to have their diploma considered as an Argentine equivalent.
Contact: Secretary General
Confederacion Medica Argentina
Ave Belgrano 1235
Buenos Aires 1093
Argentina
P: 541143838414
Aruba
Year of Last Request: 1993
Scope of Practice: denied
Per its director, the Aruba Public Health Department can only issue a license to graduates from five U.S. medical schools, none of which are osteopathic medical schools.
Contact: Director
Public Health Department
Oranjestad
ARUBA
Australia
Year of Last Request: 2000
Scope of Practice: varies
The Australia Medical Council has continually denied requests by the AOA to recognize U.S. educated and trained D.O.s for the unlimited practice of medicine. However, a U.S. educated and trained osteopathic physician was recruited to head up an emergency room in the suburbs of Sydney. Through the efforts of the hospital, he secured an unlimited medical license through the New South Wales Medical Board upon endorsement of the Australian College of Emergency Medicine. It appears that licensure would be dependent on the state.
Contact: New South Wales Medical Board
Medical Board Building
Off Punt Road
PO Box 104
Gladesville NSW 1675
New South Wales
AUSTRALIA
http://www.nswmb.org.au
Australian Medical Council
PO Box 4810
Kingston Act 2604
AUSTRALIA
http://www.amc.org.au
Austria
Year of Last Request: 1994
Scope of Practice: unlimited, but difficult to obtain
In order to practice in Austria, a hospital must have a position available, which cannot otherwise be filled by an Austrian physician.
Contact: Austrian Medical Chamber
Weihburggasse 10-12
A1010 Vienna
AUSTRIA
http://www.aek.or.at
[email protected]
P:43151406931
Bahamas
Year of Last Request: 1997
Scope of Practice: unlimited
In January 1997, the Bahamian Medical Council, for the first time, issued a license to practice cardiac and vascular surgery to a U.S.-trained D.O.
Contact: Registrar, Bahamian Medical Council
PO Box N-9802
Nassau
BAHAMAS
(242)326-0538
Barbados
Year of Last Request: 1974
Scope of Practice: limited to manipulation
No provision for registration or licensure of osteopathic physicians exists yet the Ministry of Health and Welfare refused to grant full practice rights to a U.S.-trained D.O. in 1974.
Contact: Barbados Medical Council
Minister of Health
Old Hospital Building
Jemmott's Lane
St. Michael
BARBADOS
P:246275130
Belize
Year of Last Request: 2005
Scope of Practice: unlimited
Chapter 318, Section 7(1) of the Medical Practitioner's Registration Act of Belize "allows for the registration of medical practitioners who satisfy the Council of their eligibility for registration including Belizean residency." However, Section 7(7) B delineates requirements for temporary registration (less than one year) as follows:
• Employment on a full-time basis with a non-profit organization or hospital; or
• Contracted with a private institution where no Belizean is qualified for the job; or
• Practicing a specialty that is not provided in Belize.
The AOA was notified that a US-educated DO was granted a temporary license as a psychiatrist in Belize.
Contact: Chairman, Belize Medical Council
Northern Regional Hospital
Holy Trinity Street
Orange Walk Town
Belize
[email protected]
(501) 322-2072
BermudaYear of Last Request: 1997
Scope of Practice: unlimited
Applicants must have graduated from an approved college of osteopathic medicine accredited by the AOA, have successfully completed two years of postgraduate training as a minimum, and must be examined by the Council's Examination Committee or interviewed by the Council. Non-Bermudan physicians must have approval from the Ministry of Labour and Home Affairs to work on the island.
Contact: Bermuda Medical Council
Ministry of Health & Family Services
PO Box HM11 95
Hamilton Hm Ex
Bermuda
P:14412360224
Bolivia
Year of Last Request: 1988
Scope of Practice: unknown
According to AOA file information, a response was not received from the Embassy.
Contact: Embassy of Bolivia Colegio Medico de Bolivia
3014 Massachusetts Avenue, NW OR Calle Ballivian 1266
Washington, DC 20008 La Paz
BOLIVIA
Brazil
Year of Last Request: 2000
Scope of Practice: unlimited
A U.S. educated osteopathic physician was granted an unlimited license to practice medicine in Brazil. It is a difficult process and requires taking and passing a Brazilian examination., establishing residency, and do some training in Brazilian hospitals.
Contact: Conselvio Federal de Medicina
SGAS 915
Brasilla DF 70390-150
Brazil
[email protected]
P:614455900
Cambodia
Year of Last Request: 1992
Scope of Practice: unknown
Several attempts to contact the Minister of Health in Cambodia have failed, most likely due to the current political unrest. No Cambodian Embassy exists in the United States, yet the AOA has established a contact through a non profit, Cambodian-advocacy organization the director of which has ties with Cambodian Health officials.
Contact: Cambodian Medical Association
#73 Boulevard Preah Monivong
Phnom Penh
CAMBODIA
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Canada
Listed below are the licensure requirements for US-trained D.O.s in the provinces and territories of Canada. All the provinces that have provisions for licensing D.O.s as physicians require that D.O.s be graduates of AOA-accredited osteopathic medical colleges and they be or intend to become Canadian citizens. For the provinces or territories that state, "no provisions exist for licensing US-trained D.O.s," it is suggested the individual contact that regulatory authority. While there may not be a provision, the regulatory agency may consider amending its current policy to include recognition of US-trained D.O.s. Update: in October 2005, the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada will "recognize the degree issued by the Osteopathic Medical College and Accredited by the American Osteopathic Association in the United States of America as an acceptable medical qualification towards eligibility for Certification."
Alberta
Scope of Practice: unlimited
Requirements: Must have completed at least 2 years of GME accredited by the ACGME or AOA and must have passed the Universities Coordinating Council Exam, a basic sciences exam, and have passed all three parts of the licensing examination of the Medical Council of Canada (LMCC).
Contact: College of Physicians and Surgeons of Alberta
900 Manulife Place
10180-101 Street
Edmonton Alberta T5J 4P8
CANADA
(780) 423-4764
http://www.cpsa.ab.ca
British Columbia
Scope of Practice: one licensure pathway provides D.O.s with unlimited practice rights, and another pathway limits D.O.s to practice OMM
Requirements: To be eligible for unlimited licenses: must have completed at least one year of GME approved by the AOA or the ACGME, completed at least 1 year of GME in Canada, passed all three parts of the LMCC. For licenses limited to OMM: must have completed at least 2 years of AOA approved GME and passed all three parts of the NBOME or COMLEX.
Contact: College of Physicians and Surgeons of British Columbia
400-858 Beatty Street
Vancouver British Columbia V6B1C1
CANADA
(604) 733-7758
http://www.cpsbc.ca
[email protected]
Manitoba
Scope of Practice: unlimited
Requirements: In 2002, the College voted to register U.S.-educated and trained DOs.
Contact: College of Physicians and Surgeons of Manitoba
1000-1661 Portage Avenue
Winnipeg Manitoba R3J 3T7
CANADA
(204) 774-4344
http://www.cpsm.mb.ca
[email protected]
New Brunswick
Scope of Practice: unlimited
Requirements: Must have completed at least 2 years of GME approved by the AOA or the ACGME and have passed all three parts of the LMCC. There is also a reciprocity pathway for D.O.s holding a license to practice medicine in Maine.
Contact: College of Physicians and Surgeons of New Brunswick
1 Hampton Road, Suite 300
Rothesay, New Brunswick E2E 5K8
CANADA
(506) 849-5050
http://www.cpsnb.org
[email protected]
Newfoundland
Scope of Practice to be determined
Requirements: in 2002, the College committed itself to seeing that the government establishes a registration pathway for U.S.-educated D.O.s. It is anticipated that establishing guidelines may take a couple of years.
Contact: Newfoundland Medical Board
139 Water Street, Suite 603
St. John's Newfoundland A1C 1B2
CANADA
(709) 726-8546
Northwest Territories
Scope of Practice: unlimited
Requirements: While no specific provisions are in place, the AOA has been told the government will grant registration to any physician that qualifies for licensure in any other province.
Contact: Government of the Northwest Territories
Centre Square Tower 8th Floor
PO Box 1320
Yellowknife NWT X1A 2L9
CANADA
(867) 920-8058
Nova Scotia
Scope of Practice: unlimited
A new regulation was put into effect in 2002 to recognize U.S.-educated osteopathic physicians. A Canadian or ACGME residency is required.
Contact: Provincial Medical Board of Nova Scotia
Sentry Place
1559 Brunswick Street, Suite 200
Halifax Nova Scotia B3J 2G1
CANADA
(902) 422-5823
http://www.cpsns.ns.ca
Ontario
Scope of Practice: Unlimited
Currently, Ontario requires Canadian or ACGME residencies. In 2002, the Premier of Ontario and the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Ontario (CPSO) announced that changes were being implemented to recognize international medical graduates, including D.O.s who are now recognized by the CPSO. In addition, the CPSO has created a Fast Track Assessment Program for international medical graduates who wish to practice in Ontario. The Fast Track Assessment is an expedited process designed for doctors with experience. It focuses on an evaluation of practice skills and can be tailored to the individual applicant. By evaluating the practice skills of the individual doctor rather than looking at the grades and training programs, the College acquires a more realistic view of the abilities of the individual physicians. For more recent graduates, there is the Standard Assessment process. It concentrates on examination grades and completion of an approved course of education and residency. All candidates are assessed in the same way. The CPSO now accepts the COMLEX-USA exam (only with the Level 2-PE) and USMLE with USMLE Step 2 CS (Clinical Skills) or ECFMG (Educational Commission for Foreign Medical Graduates) CSA (Clinical Skills Assessment) as equivalent to the Medical Council of Canada Qualifying Examination (MCCQE). For more information on Ontario's registration, go to www.cpso.on.ca/info_physicians/applicants/regist.htm. The Canadian Resident Matching Service (CaRMS) in Ontario will now accept US-trained D.O.s for their 1st iteration match; previously D.O.s were only able to apply for the 2nd iteration of CaRMS. The CaRMS does, at this time, require the MCC exam, not the COMLEX-USA. For information, please visit www.carms.ca.
Contact: College of Physicians and Surgeons of Ontario
80 College Street
Toronto Ontario M5G 2E2
CANADA
(416) 967-2600
http://www.cpso.on.ca
[email protected]
Prince Edward Island
Scope of Practice: no provisions exist for licensing US-trained D.O.s
Contact: College of Physicians and Surgeons of Prince Edward Island
199 Grafton Street
Charlottetown, PEI C1A 1L2
CANADA
(902) 566-3861
[email protected]
Quebec
Scope of Practice: unlimited
Requirements: Must have completed at least 1 year of GME approved by the AOA or the ACGME, must have completed at least 1 year of GME in Quebec, passed the written, oral and clinical board examination of the College of Family Physicians of Canada and must speak French fluently.
Contact: College des Medecins du Quebec
2170 Rene-Levesque Blvd West
Montreal Quebec H3H 2T8
CANADA
(514) 933-4441
http://www.cmq.org
Saskatchewan
Scope of Practice: limited to OMM
Requirements: Must have completed at least 1 year of AOA-approved GME.
Contact: College of Physicians and Surgeons of Saskatchewan
211 Fourth Avenue South
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7K 1N1
CANADA
(306) 244-7355
http://www.quadrant.net/cpss
[email protected]
Yukon Territory
Scope of Practice: unlimited
Requirements: While no specific provisions are in place, the AOA has been told the government will grant registration to any physician that qualifies for licensure in any other province.
Contact: Government of the Yukon
PO Box 2703
Whitehorse, Yukon Y1A 2C6
CANADA
(867) 667-5257
[email protected]
Cayman Islands
Year of Last Request: 1983
Scope of Practice: unlimited
A D.O. was granted an unlimited license to practice medicine in 1983. This represented a significant accomplishment, as the Islands are a British protectorate. Written examinations are not required for licensure and licensure is granted based on the applicant's academic degree and qualifications. No distinctions were placed on the D.O. degree and the government accepted his osteopathic credentials.
Contact: Chief Medical Officer
Tower Building
Grand Cayman,
CAYMAN ISLANDS
Central African Empire
Year of Last Request: sometime before 1990
Scope of Practice: unlimited
The D.O. degree and proof of licensure in one of the fifty U.S. states, plus annual attendance at the National Congress for Physicians is all that is required for licensure in the Central African Empire. No examination is required and students wishing to study tropical disease are not required to obtain permits and the like. Letters of inquiry must be written in French or Sago, which are the native languages.
Contact: Minister of Health
Bangui
CENTRAL AFRICAN EMPIRE
Chile
Year of Last Request: 1993
Scope of Practice: unlimited
Application for a practice license must be made to the University of Chile through the submission and transfer of the physician's medical diploma. A written exam, in Spanish, is required.
Contact: Directora Escuela de Pregrado Colegio Medico de Chile
Universidad de Chile Esmeralda 678
Avda. Independencia No. 1027 Santiago
Santiago CHILE
CHILE
P:5624277849
China
Year of Last Request: 1994
Scope of Practice: unlimited
Chinese law does not provide specifically for osteopathic medicine or the U.S. D.O. degree. For this reason, U.S. trained D.O.s are permitted to apply for "Short Term Medical Practice."
Contact: Dr. Zhao Minggang, Official
Division of Hospital Management
Dept of Medical Administration
Ministry of Public Health
People's Republic of China
44 Houhai Beiyan
Beijing CHINA
State Administration Tradition Chinese Medicine P.1.C.
7 Donping Road
Chaoyang District
Beijing 00027 CHINA
Colombia
Year of Last Request: 1996
Scope of Practice: unlimited
Colombian law does not specifically state restrictions of osteopathic practice. Therefore, U.S.-trained D.O.s are permitted to submit their credentials according to the same procedure administered to other foreign physicians. They must contact the Colombian consulate closest to their professional residence for verification of original degree, then contact the Foreign Affairs Ministry in Colombia. All transcripts, programs of study, and copies of identification must be translated into Spanish and be notarized.
Contact: Ministry of Public Health
Carrera 13 No. 32-76
Bogota
Columbia
http://www.minsalnd.gov.co
Costa Rica
Year of Last Request: 1993
Scope of Practice: unlimited
Several requirements exist for foreign physicians wanting to practice in Costa Rica. Unless the physician was contracted individually by state institutions or marries a Costa Rican, the physician must have resided in the country for at least 5 years and will be required to serve both a one-year internship in a hospital and a one year service in the Medical Sanitary Service. The physician's diploma will be considered equivalent to that issued by the University of Chile in order to receive a practice license.
Contact: Colegio de Medicos y Cirujanos
Republica de Costa Rica
Apartado 548
San Jose
COSTA RICA
OR
Costa Rica Osteopathic Medical Association (CROMA)
P.O. Box 25216-1446
Miami, FL 33102
(a courier service delivers mail to Costa Rica)
http://cro-ma.org
Denmark
Year of Last Request: 1995
Scope of Practice: unknown
The AOA did not receive a response to its request for information on how a U.S. educated D.O. could obtain licensure.
Contact: Danish National Board of Health
Islands Bryggc 67
Post boks 1881
2300 Kobenhavn s.
DENMARK
http://www.sst.dk
P:457-222-7400
Dominican Republic
Year of Last Request: 2000
Scope of Practice: unlimited
On July 4, 2000, legislation was enacted that recognizes U.S. educated osteopathic physicians for the unlimited practice of medicine. The law also recognizes AOA postgraduate training and board certification.
Contact: Dr. Victorino de Jesus Garcia Santos, Secretario de Estado
Ensached La Fe
Santo Domingo
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
Ecuador
Year of Last Request: sometime before 1990
Scope of Practice: unlimited
In order to practice in Ecuador, foreign-trained physicians must obtain an Ecuadorian medical license. This license is conferred upon passage of all Ecuadorian medical school examinations, the writing of a thesis in Spanish and completion of an internship. Temporary permits are available and registration must be confirmed annually. Reciprocity exists with most Latin American countries.
Contact: Ministerio Chief Executive Officer de Salud Publica
Quito, ECUADOR
Egypt
Date of Last Request: 1999
Scope of Practice: unknown
The AOA did not receive a response to its request for information on how a U.S. educated D.O. could obtain licensure.
Contact: Egyptian medical Syndicate
32 mohamed Talaat Salem St.
Nasr City Cairo
EGYPT
(202) 794-3166
[email protected]
Finland
Year of Last Request: 1996
Scope of Practice: unlimited
Foreign trained physicians may only enjoy full practice rights in Finland with the permission of the Finnish National Board of Health. Knowledge of the Finnish language and a work permit are requirements.
Contact: National Authority for Medicolegal Affairs
PO Box 265
FIN-00531 Helsinki
FINLAND
(358) 977-2920
France
Year of Last Request: 1988
Scope of Practice: limited to manipulation
A work permit is necessary for a foreign-trained physician to practice in France. Osteopathic medicine is not recognized by the government, so only M.D.s can obtain full practice rights.
Contact: Conseil National de l'Ordre des Medecins
180 Boulevard Haussmann
F-75389 Paris Cedex 07
FRANCE
http://www.conseil-national.medecin.fr
(331) 538-93334
Germany
Year of Last Request: 1993
Scope of Practice: unlimited
A foreign physician may apply for licensure to the state Health Ministry where they intend to live and work. Each Ministry has jurisdiction within their own state. The regional medical authority has information regarding the types of providers needed in that area and therefore grants licenses depending on the specialty of the foreign physician. Decisions are made on a case-by-case basis. One American-trained DO has achieved (based solely upon US COM credentials) limited licensure in 1994, unlimited licensure in 1999 and is presently in practice there.
Contact: Minister of Health
Bundesministerium für Gesundheit (BMG)
11055 Berlin
GERMANY
Ghana
Year of Last Request: 1994
Scope of Practice: unknown
The AOA did not receive a response to its request for information on how a U.S. educated D.O. could obtain licensure.
Contact: Ghana Medical & Dental Council
PO Box 10586
Accra – North
GHANA
Greece
Year of Last Request: 2004
Scope of Practice: unlimited, but difficult to obtain
According to the Greek Embassy, foreign trained physicians holding either the M.D. or the D.O. degree are able to obtain a full practice license. However, such physicians must be Greek citizens in order to practice unless, and such instances are extremely rare, there exists a crucial need for certain types of specialist physicians. Further, a work permit must be obtained, a difficult task, and speaking Greek is an unwritten requirement. In 1998, an osteopathic physician began the process to obtain licensure. 1999 - D.O.s are not officially recognized by law, therefore a subcommittee was formulated to research U.S. osteopathic medicine. The subcommittee sent a positive report to the Medical Council of Greece. The final recommendation of the Medical Council should be issued shortly.
Contact: Mr. Nikos Papaconstantinou
Embassy of Greece
2221 Massachusetts Avenue, NW
Washington, DC 20008
DIKATSA-Medical Division Ministry of Health and Education
112 Sygrou Avenue 223 Mesogeion Avenue
11741, Athens 115 25 Athens Hellas
GREECE GREECE
Guatemala
Year of Last Request: 1993
Scope of Practice: unknown
The AOA did not receive a response to its request for information on how a U.S. educated D.O. could obtain licensure.
Contact: Colgio de Medicas y arujanos de Guatemala
Chief Executive Officer
17 Calle 1-61 Zona 1
GUATEMALA
Guyana
Year of Last Request: 1996
Scope of Practice: unlimited
A U.S.-trained D.O. was granted a physician license by the Ministry because his credentials were considered as M.D.-equivalent. Osteopathic medicine is not specifically recognized so applications will be considered on a case-by-case basis.
Contact: Chief Medical Officer, Ministry of Health
Brickdam Georgetown 11
GUYANA
Honduras
Year of Last Request: 2002
Scope of Practice: Unlimited
The National Autonomous University must accredit all foreign titles. After accreditation is completed, then applicant must seek registration with the Medical College of Honduras (MCH). Titles, grades, and lesson plans must be authenticated in the country where studies were completed. Authentication must be done by the Honduran Consul in the same state. Upon completion, MCH will issue a provisional permit good for one year to a Honduran doctor who has done training outside of Honduras, and foreign applicants must complete two years of the Ad-Honorem Social Service. When the two years have expired, applicant may apply for Definitive Registration.
Contact: Dr. Julio Alberto Bourdeth Tosta, Secretary of Registration
Board of Directors of the Medical College of Honduras
P.O. Box 810
Tegucigalpa, M.D.C.
HONDURAS
Hong Kong
Year of Last Request: 1998
Scope of Practice: unlimited
A letter from the Hong Kong Medical Council explained that there is no legislation governing the registration of osteopathic physicians. A prospective D.O. applicant can apply to the Licentiate Committee in order to sit for the Licentiate Examination. Passage of this exam along with completing "externship training," would entitle a foreign medical practitioner to full registration by the Medical Council. Applicants must have completed "not less than five years" full-time medical training of a type approved by the Medical Council before application is made. The information sent to the AOA did not specify what type of medical training the Council does approve. However, it did note that the Council may require a personal interview before application is made so that the Council is able to ascertain whether the applicant is indeed eligible for the examination.
Contact: The Licentiate Committee
The Medical Council of Hong Kong
17/F Wu Chung House
213 Queen's Road East
Wanchai
HONG KONG
http://www.mcnk.org.hk
P:85229618648
Listed below are the licensure requirements for US-trained D.O.s in the provinces and territories of Canada. All the provinces that have provisions for licensing D.O.s as physicians require that D.O.s be graduates of AOA-accredited osteopathic medical colleges and they be or intend to become Canadian citizens. For the provinces or territories that state, "no provisions exist for licensing US-trained D.O.s," it is suggested the individual contact that regulatory authority. While there may not be a provision, the regulatory agency may consider amending its current policy to include recognition of US-trained D.O.s. Update: in October 2005, the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada will "recognize the degree issued by the Osteopathic Medical College and Accredited by the American Osteopathic Association in the United States of America as an acceptable medical qualification towards eligibility for Certification."
Alberta
Scope of Practice: unlimited
Requirements: Must have completed at least 2 years of GME accredited by the ACGME or AOA and must have passed the Universities Coordinating Council Exam, a basic sciences exam, and have passed all three parts of the licensing examination of the Medical Council of Canada (LMCC).
Contact: College of Physicians and Surgeons of Alberta
900 Manulife Place
10180-101 Street
Edmonton Alberta T5J 4P8
CANADA
(780) 423-4764
http://www.cpsa.ab.ca
British Columbia
Scope of Practice: one licensure pathway provides D.O.s with unlimited practice rights, and another pathway limits D.O.s to practice OMM
Requirements: To be eligible for unlimited licenses: must have completed at least one year of GME approved by the AOA or the ACGME, completed at least 1 year of GME in Canada, passed all three parts of the LMCC. For licenses limited to OMM: must have completed at least 2 years of AOA approved GME and passed all three parts of the NBOME or COMLEX.
Contact: College of Physicians and Surgeons of British Columbia
400-858 Beatty Street
Vancouver British Columbia V6B1C1
CANADA
(604) 733-7758
http://www.cpsbc.ca
[email protected]
Manitoba
Scope of Practice: unlimited
Requirements: In 2002, the College voted to register U.S.-educated and trained DOs.
Contact: College of Physicians and Surgeons of Manitoba
1000-1661 Portage Avenue
Winnipeg Manitoba R3J 3T7
CANADA
(204) 774-4344
http://www.cpsm.mb.ca
[email protected]
New Brunswick
Scope of Practice: unlimited
Requirements: Must have completed at least 2 years of GME approved by the AOA or the ACGME and have passed all three parts of the LMCC. There is also a reciprocity pathway for D.O.s holding a license to practice medicine in Maine.
Contact: College of Physicians and Surgeons of New Brunswick
1 Hampton Road, Suite 300
Rothesay, New Brunswick E2E 5K8
CANADA
(506) 849-5050
http://www.cpsnb.org
[email protected]
Newfoundland
Scope of Practice to be determined
Requirements: in 2002, the College committed itself to seeing that the government establishes a registration pathway for U.S.-educated D.O.s. It is anticipated that establishing guidelines may take a couple of years.
Contact: Newfoundland Medical Board
139 Water Street, Suite 603
St. John's Newfoundland A1C 1B2
CANADA
(709) 726-8546
Northwest Territories
Scope of Practice: unlimited
Requirements: While no specific provisions are in place, the AOA has been told the government will grant registration to any physician that qualifies for licensure in any other province.
Contact: Government of the Northwest Territories
Centre Square Tower 8th Floor
PO Box 1320
Yellowknife NWT X1A 2L9
CANADA
(867) 920-8058
Nova Scotia
Scope of Practice: unlimited
A new regulation was put into effect in 2002 to recognize U.S.-educated osteopathic physicians. A Canadian or ACGME residency is required.
Contact: Provincial Medical Board of Nova Scotia
Sentry Place
1559 Brunswick Street, Suite 200
Halifax Nova Scotia B3J 2G1
CANADA
(902) 422-5823
http://www.cpsns.ns.ca
Ontario
Scope of Practice: Unlimited
Currently, Ontario requires Canadian or ACGME residencies. In 2002, the Premier of Ontario and the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Ontario (CPSO) announced that changes were being implemented to recognize international medical graduates, including D.O.s who are now recognized by the CPSO. In addition, the CPSO has created a Fast Track Assessment Program for international medical graduates who wish to practice in Ontario. The Fast Track Assessment is an expedited process designed for doctors with experience. It focuses on an evaluation of practice skills and can be tailored to the individual applicant. By evaluating the practice skills of the individual doctor rather than looking at the grades and training programs, the College acquires a more realistic view of the abilities of the individual physicians. For more recent graduates, there is the Standard Assessment process. It concentrates on examination grades and completion of an approved course of education and residency. All candidates are assessed in the same way. The CPSO now accepts the COMLEX-USA exam (only with the Level 2-PE) and USMLE with USMLE Step 2 CS (Clinical Skills) or ECFMG (Educational Commission for Foreign Medical Graduates) CSA (Clinical Skills Assessment) as equivalent to the Medical Council of Canada Qualifying Examination (MCCQE). For more information on Ontario's registration, go to www.cpso.on.ca/info_physicians/applicants/regist.htm. The Canadian Resident Matching Service (CaRMS) in Ontario will now accept US-trained D.O.s for their 1st iteration match; previously D.O.s were only able to apply for the 2nd iteration of CaRMS. The CaRMS does, at this time, require the MCC exam, not the COMLEX-USA. For information, please visit www.carms.ca.
Contact: College of Physicians and Surgeons of Ontario
80 College Street
Toronto Ontario M5G 2E2
CANADA
(416) 967-2600
http://www.cpso.on.ca
[email protected]
Prince Edward Island
Scope of Practice: no provisions exist for licensing US-trained D.O.s
Contact: College of Physicians and Surgeons of Prince Edward Island
199 Grafton Street
Charlottetown, PEI C1A 1L2
CANADA
(902) 566-3861
[email protected]
Quebec
Scope of Practice: unlimited
Requirements: Must have completed at least 1 year of GME approved by the AOA or the ACGME, must have completed at least 1 year of GME in Quebec, passed the written, oral and clinical board examination of the College of Family Physicians of Canada and must speak French fluently.
Contact: College des Medecins du Quebec
2170 Rene-Levesque Blvd West
Montreal Quebec H3H 2T8
CANADA
(514) 933-4441
http://www.cmq.org
Saskatchewan
Scope of Practice: limited to OMM
Requirements: Must have completed at least 1 year of AOA-approved GME.
Contact: College of Physicians and Surgeons of Saskatchewan
211 Fourth Avenue South
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7K 1N1
CANADA
(306) 244-7355
http://www.quadrant.net/cpss
[email protected]
Yukon Territory
Scope of Practice: unlimited
Requirements: While no specific provisions are in place, the AOA has been told the government will grant registration to any physician that qualifies for licensure in any other province.
Contact: Government of the Yukon
PO Box 2703
Whitehorse, Yukon Y1A 2C6
CANADA
(867) 667-5257
[email protected]
Cayman Islands
Year of Last Request: 1983
Scope of Practice: unlimited
A D.O. was granted an unlimited license to practice medicine in 1983. This represented a significant accomplishment, as the Islands are a British protectorate. Written examinations are not required for licensure and licensure is granted based on the applicant's academic degree and qualifications. No distinctions were placed on the D.O. degree and the government accepted his osteopathic credentials.
Contact: Chief Medical Officer
Tower Building
Grand Cayman,
CAYMAN ISLANDS
Central African Empire
Year of Last Request: sometime before 1990
Scope of Practice: unlimited
The D.O. degree and proof of licensure in one of the fifty U.S. states, plus annual attendance at the National Congress for Physicians is all that is required for licensure in the Central African Empire. No examination is required and students wishing to study tropical disease are not required to obtain permits and the like. Letters of inquiry must be written in French or Sago, which are the native languages.
Contact: Minister of Health
Bangui
CENTRAL AFRICAN EMPIRE
Chile
Year of Last Request: 1993
Scope of Practice: unlimited
Application for a practice license must be made to the University of Chile through the submission and transfer of the physician's medical diploma. A written exam, in Spanish, is required.
Contact: Directora Escuela de Pregrado Colegio Medico de Chile
Universidad de Chile Esmeralda 678
Avda. Independencia No. 1027 Santiago
Santiago CHILE
CHILE
P:5624277849
China
Year of Last Request: 1994
Scope of Practice: unlimited
Chinese law does not provide specifically for osteopathic medicine or the U.S. D.O. degree. For this reason, U.S. trained D.O.s are permitted to apply for "Short Term Medical Practice."
Contact: Dr. Zhao Minggang, Official
Division of Hospital Management
Dept of Medical Administration
Ministry of Public Health
People's Republic of China
44 Houhai Beiyan
Beijing CHINA
State Administration Tradition Chinese Medicine P.1.C.
7 Donping Road
Chaoyang District
Beijing 00027 CHINA
Colombia
Year of Last Request: 1996
Scope of Practice: unlimited
Colombian law does not specifically state restrictions of osteopathic practice. Therefore, U.S.-trained D.O.s are permitted to submit their credentials according to the same procedure administered to other foreign physicians. They must contact the Colombian consulate closest to their professional residence for verification of original degree, then contact the Foreign Affairs Ministry in Colombia. All transcripts, programs of study, and copies of identification must be translated into Spanish and be notarized.
Contact: Ministry of Public Health
Carrera 13 No. 32-76
Bogota
Columbia
http://www.minsalnd.gov.co
Costa Rica
Year of Last Request: 1993
Scope of Practice: unlimited
Several requirements exist for foreign physicians wanting to practice in Costa Rica. Unless the physician was contracted individually by state institutions or marries a Costa Rican, the physician must have resided in the country for at least 5 years and will be required to serve both a one-year internship in a hospital and a one year service in the Medical Sanitary Service. The physician's diploma will be considered equivalent to that issued by the University of Chile in order to receive a practice license.
Contact: Colegio de Medicos y Cirujanos
Republica de Costa Rica
Apartado 548
San Jose
COSTA RICA
OR
Costa Rica Osteopathic Medical Association (CROMA)
P.O. Box 25216-1446
Miami, FL 33102
(a courier service delivers mail to Costa Rica)
http://cro-ma.org
Denmark
Year of Last Request: 1995
Scope of Practice: unknown
The AOA did not receive a response to its request for information on how a U.S. educated D.O. could obtain licensure.
Contact: Danish National Board of Health
Islands Bryggc 67
Post boks 1881
2300 Kobenhavn s.
DENMARK
http://www.sst.dk
P:457-222-7400
Dominican Republic
Year of Last Request: 2000
Scope of Practice: unlimited
On July 4, 2000, legislation was enacted that recognizes U.S. educated osteopathic physicians for the unlimited practice of medicine. The law also recognizes AOA postgraduate training and board certification.
Contact: Dr. Victorino de Jesus Garcia Santos, Secretario de Estado
Ensached La Fe
Santo Domingo
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
Ecuador
Year of Last Request: sometime before 1990
Scope of Practice: unlimited
In order to practice in Ecuador, foreign-trained physicians must obtain an Ecuadorian medical license. This license is conferred upon passage of all Ecuadorian medical school examinations, the writing of a thesis in Spanish and completion of an internship. Temporary permits are available and registration must be confirmed annually. Reciprocity exists with most Latin American countries.
Contact: Ministerio Chief Executive Officer de Salud Publica
Quito, ECUADOR
Egypt
Date of Last Request: 1999
Scope of Practice: unknown
The AOA did not receive a response to its request for information on how a U.S. educated D.O. could obtain licensure.
Contact: Egyptian medical Syndicate
32 mohamed Talaat Salem St.
Nasr City Cairo
EGYPT
(202) 794-3166
[email protected]
Finland
Year of Last Request: 1996
Scope of Practice: unlimited
Foreign trained physicians may only enjoy full practice rights in Finland with the permission of the Finnish National Board of Health. Knowledge of the Finnish language and a work permit are requirements.
Contact: National Authority for Medicolegal Affairs
PO Box 265
FIN-00531 Helsinki
FINLAND
(358) 977-2920
France
Year of Last Request: 1988
Scope of Practice: limited to manipulation
A work permit is necessary for a foreign-trained physician to practice in France. Osteopathic medicine is not recognized by the government, so only M.D.s can obtain full practice rights.
Contact: Conseil National de l'Ordre des Medecins
180 Boulevard Haussmann
F-75389 Paris Cedex 07
FRANCE
http://www.conseil-national.medecin.fr
(331) 538-93334
Germany
Year of Last Request: 1993
Scope of Practice: unlimited
A foreign physician may apply for licensure to the state Health Ministry where they intend to live and work. Each Ministry has jurisdiction within their own state. The regional medical authority has information regarding the types of providers needed in that area and therefore grants licenses depending on the specialty of the foreign physician. Decisions are made on a case-by-case basis. One American-trained DO has achieved (based solely upon US COM credentials) limited licensure in 1994, unlimited licensure in 1999 and is presently in practice there.
Contact: Minister of Health
Bundesministerium für Gesundheit (BMG)
11055 Berlin
GERMANY
Ghana
Year of Last Request: 1994
Scope of Practice: unknown
The AOA did not receive a response to its request for information on how a U.S. educated D.O. could obtain licensure.
Contact: Ghana Medical & Dental Council
PO Box 10586
Accra – North
GHANA
Greece
Year of Last Request: 2004
Scope of Practice: unlimited, but difficult to obtain
According to the Greek Embassy, foreign trained physicians holding either the M.D. or the D.O. degree are able to obtain a full practice license. However, such physicians must be Greek citizens in order to practice unless, and such instances are extremely rare, there exists a crucial need for certain types of specialist physicians. Further, a work permit must be obtained, a difficult task, and speaking Greek is an unwritten requirement. In 1998, an osteopathic physician began the process to obtain licensure. 1999 - D.O.s are not officially recognized by law, therefore a subcommittee was formulated to research U.S. osteopathic medicine. The subcommittee sent a positive report to the Medical Council of Greece. The final recommendation of the Medical Council should be issued shortly.
Contact: Mr. Nikos Papaconstantinou
Embassy of Greece
2221 Massachusetts Avenue, NW
Washington, DC 20008
DIKATSA-Medical Division Ministry of Health and Education
112 Sygrou Avenue 223 Mesogeion Avenue
11741, Athens 115 25 Athens Hellas
GREECE GREECE
Guatemala
Year of Last Request: 1993
Scope of Practice: unknown
The AOA did not receive a response to its request for information on how a U.S. educated D.O. could obtain licensure.
Contact: Colgio de Medicas y arujanos de Guatemala
Chief Executive Officer
17 Calle 1-61 Zona 1
GUATEMALA
Guyana
Year of Last Request: 1996
Scope of Practice: unlimited
A U.S.-trained D.O. was granted a physician license by the Ministry because his credentials were considered as M.D.-equivalent. Osteopathic medicine is not specifically recognized so applications will be considered on a case-by-case basis.
Contact: Chief Medical Officer, Ministry of Health
Brickdam Georgetown 11
GUYANA
Honduras
Year of Last Request: 2002
Scope of Practice: Unlimited
The National Autonomous University must accredit all foreign titles. After accreditation is completed, then applicant must seek registration with the Medical College of Honduras (MCH). Titles, grades, and lesson plans must be authenticated in the country where studies were completed. Authentication must be done by the Honduran Consul in the same state. Upon completion, MCH will issue a provisional permit good for one year to a Honduran doctor who has done training outside of Honduras, and foreign applicants must complete two years of the Ad-Honorem Social Service. When the two years have expired, applicant may apply for Definitive Registration.
Contact: Dr. Julio Alberto Bourdeth Tosta, Secretary of Registration
Board of Directors of the Medical College of Honduras
P.O. Box 810
Tegucigalpa, M.D.C.
HONDURAS
Hong Kong
Year of Last Request: 1998
Scope of Practice: unlimited
A letter from the Hong Kong Medical Council explained that there is no legislation governing the registration of osteopathic physicians. A prospective D.O. applicant can apply to the Licentiate Committee in order to sit for the Licentiate Examination. Passage of this exam along with completing "externship training," would entitle a foreign medical practitioner to full registration by the Medical Council. Applicants must have completed "not less than five years" full-time medical training of a type approved by the Medical Council before application is made. The information sent to the AOA did not specify what type of medical training the Council does approve. However, it did note that the Council may require a personal interview before application is made so that the Council is able to ascertain whether the applicant is indeed eligible for the examination.
Contact: The Licentiate Committee
The Medical Council of Hong Kong
17/F Wu Chung House
213 Queen's Road East
Wanchai
HONG KONG
http://www.mcnk.org.hk
P:85229618648
- Joined
- Oct 11, 2005
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India
Year of Last Request: 1999
Scope of Practice: undetermined
The AOA received a response to its 1998 inquiry regarding licensure of US-trained DOs. The Medical Council of India stated that osteopathic medicine degree is not recognized for the purpose of IMC Act, 1956. However, they did state that a DO might apply after getting Indian nationality and after implementation of screening test Regulation/Provision in the Indian Medical Council Act.
Contact: Delhi Medical Council
RM NO 356-357 3rd Floor
Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg
New Delhi 110002
INDIA
Indonesia
Year of Last Request: 1992
Scope of Practice: unlimited if with mission or university
Foreign-trained physicians can enjoy unlimited practice rights if they are working in conjunction with a university for a specific project, or if they are providing services on behalf of a mission. Foreign physicians are barred from private practice. No examination is required, yet a degree from an approved medical school is needed.
Contact: Indonesian Medical Association WIHRD
J1 Sam Ratulangi OR JiPercetakon Negara 2G
Jakarta 29 Jakarta 29
INDONESIA INDONESIA
Iran
Year of Last Request: 1999
Scope of Practice: unknown
The AOA did not receive a response to its request for information on how a U.S. educated D.O. could obtain licensure.
Contact: Ministry of Health and Medical Education
Keshavarz Blvd.
Building #2 11th Floor
Tehran
IRAN
Ireland
Year of Last Request: 1999
Scope of Practice: denied
The AOA has written numerous letters to various government agencies in Ireland. At its August 1998 meeting, the Education and Training Committee reviewed pertinent information regarding the osteopathic education and training. The Medical Council on the recommendation of its Education and Training Committee decided to once again deny licensure to U.S. trained D.O.s because osteopathic medical schools are not recognized by the Liaison Committee on Medical Education, the U.S. allopathic medical school accreditation body. In 2000, the AOA once again wrote to The Medical Council on the behalf of a U.S. educated D.O. who will be traveling with an American sports group as the team physician to compete in Ireland. The request was for approval to treat U.S. citizen while in Ireland. The response from The Medical Council has been that they will take the matter under consideration.
Contact: Registrar, Medical Council of Ireland
Lynn House, Portobello Court
Lower Rathmines Road
Dublin 6
IRELAND
http://www.medicalcouncil.ie
353.149.831.00
Israel
Year of Last Request: 1999
Scope of Practice: to be determined
Previously, U.S.-trained osteopathic physicians were granted full practice rights in Israel, providing they have established residence in Israel. It was required that all immigrant physicians pass a licensing examination given in summer or in winter. It is possible to take the test in English, but the knowledge of Hebrew is both necessary and mandatory in order to obtain employment as a physician in Israel (immigrant physicians are eligible for a free 5-mo intensive Hebrew course). The exam is a pass/fail and the format is multiple choice. Areas covered by the exam are internal medicine, surgery, gynecology and obstetrics, and psychiatry. The AOA was informed that the laws in Israel do not specifically include US-trained DOs. The AOA and osteopathic physicians who hold Israeli licensure are working to resolve this issue.
Contact: Ministry of Health
2, Ben Tabi Street
POB 1176
Jerusalem 93591
Israel
97226705820
[email protected]
Italy
Year of Last Request: 2004
Scope of Practice: unlimited, but difficult to obtain
It may be possible for a U.S.-trained D.O. to practice in Italy, yet it is extremely difficult to obtain the license to practice. Non-Italians must obtain a work permit, which is issued only when no Italian citizen can be found to fill the post. Therefore physicians are discouraged from seeking employment in Italy without firm contracts and work permits. According to 1990 AOA file information, if there exists a U.S. state law outlining reciprocity with Italy, a statement to this effect from the Italian Consulate will warrant better chances.
Contact: National Federation of the Orders of Doctors & Dentists
Piazza Cola Di Rienzo 80/A
Rome
ITALY
http://www.fnomceo.it
[email protected]
39636203232
Jamaica
Year of Last Request: 1994
Scope of Practice: limited
The AOA has researched licensure in Jamaica through a specific mission project presented to the Minister of Health by a group of U.S.-trained D.O.s. While the request for D.O. degree recognition and full practice rights were initially denied by the Minister, the D.O.s were permitted to supply some services while participating in the mission.
Contact: Chief Medical Officer
Medical Council of Jamaica
Old Oceana Complex
9th Floor
2-4 King Street
Kingston 5
JAMAICA
(876) 922-3116
Japan
Year of Last Request: 1993
Scope of Practice: unknown
The AOA did not receive a response to its request for information on how a U.S. educated D.O. could obtain licensure.
Contact: Director
Office of Examination and Licensing
Ministry of Health and Welfare
1-2-2 Kasumigaseki
Chiyoda Ku
Tokyo 100-25
JAPAN
[email protected]
Kenya
Year of Last Request: 1991
Scope of Practice: unknown
AOA files do not contain a response from Kenya health officials regarding the status of osteopathic licensure.
Contact: Medical Practitioners and Dentists Board
PO Box 44839
Nairobi
KENYA
(254) 271-1478
Korea (South)
Year of Last Request: 1995
Scope of Practice: unknown
AOA file information includes a request for information regarding the "Korean Society of Osteopathic College of Radiology," but no response was received.
Contact: National Health Personnel Licensing Examination Board
3891 Poongnapz-Dong
Songpa-KU
SEOUL
SOUTH KOREA
http://www.kuksiwon.or.kr
(822) 478-0332
Kuwait
Year of Last Request: 1993
Scope of Practice: unknown
Per a letter of inquiry from the AOA, the Kuwati Ministry of Public Health requested further information regarding the profession and educational structure of osteopathic medicine as practiced in the United States. The request for additional information was mailed, but no response was received from the Ministry.
Contact: Undersecretary
Ministry of Public Health
PO Box 5
13001 Safat
KUWAIT
Laos
Year of Last Request: 1992
Scope of Practice: unknown
From information obtained from the U.S. Embassy in Laos, it appears that D.O.s can work through medical relief organizations.
Contact: AOA State Government Affairs
Lebanon
Year of Last Request: 2004
Scope of Practice: unlimited
It was reported to the AOA that US-educated osteopathic physicians are considered on an individual basis and need a letter from the AOA citing their education, training, etc. If accepted, the DO can then sit for the medical examination currently used in Lebanon.
Contact: Minister S. Frangieh
Minister of Health
Rue du Musee
Beirut
LEBANON
Liberia
Year of Last Request: sometime before 1990
Scope of Practice: unlimited
All foreign trained physicians must be approved on an individual basis and must submit a photocopy of a license and medical school degree. No distinction between the M.D. and D.O. degrees is made and a rotating internship is required. Special permits are not available, although visits of less than six months can be arranged.
Contact: Liberian Medical Board
Monrovia
LIBERIA
Luxembourg
Year of Last Request: 1987
Scope of Practice: unlimited, but difficult to obtain
The practice of medicine in Luxembourg by a doctor who is not a national of the European Economic Community is very rare.
Contact: Ministere de la Sante
57 Boulevard de la Perusse
L2320
LUXEMBOURG
Malaysia
Year of Last Request: 1993
Scope of Practice: denied
Malaysian law does not allow for osteopathic medical practice, therefore the Ministry denied the AOA's request for practice rights.
Contact: Malaysian Medical Council
Ministry of Health
50590 Kuala Lempur
MALAYSIA
32935077
Mexico
Year of Last Request: 1998
Scope of Practice: previously denied
Previous AOA file information indicated that D.O. licensure could not be obtained in Mexico unless through the association of a short-term mission project, such as the osteopathic physician group "DOCARE." No physician, D.O. or M.D., may practice in Mexico without working papers, which requires completion of a five-year residency and after which services are given on a limited basis and under the supervision of a Mexican M.D. Political connections are extremely helpful but do not necessarily guarantee licensure.
Contact: Mexico Secretaria-Educacion Publica
Insurgentes sur 2387, 2 01000
Mexico
Micronesia
Year of Last Request: 1993
Scope of Practice: unlimited
Micronesian law does provide specifically for the inclusion of "doctors of osteopathy."
Contact: Secretary of Human Resources
Department of Health Services
Federated States of Micronesia
PO Box PS 70
Palikir, Pohnpei, FM 96941
Morocco
Year of Last Request: 1994
Scope of Practice: denied
Application for physician licensure is a "long and fastidious" procedure, according to the Minister of Health, unless a bilateral cooperation agreement has been signed by Morocco and the applicant's country of origin. According to a representative from the North African Affairs Bureau of the U.S. State Department, no such agreement exists between the U.S. and any country. Therefore no U.S. physicians, whether D.O. or M.D., are eligible to be licensed in Morocco.
Contact: Ministere de la Sante Publique
355, avenue Mohammed V
Rabat
MOROCCO
Nepal
Year of Last Request: 1993
Scope of Practice: unlimited
The Nepalese Minister of Health granted full practice rights to osteopathic physicians upon the AOA's first and only request. Full practice rights will be granted after approval by the Nepal Medical Council and the acquisition of a visa from the Immigration Department.
Contact: Nepal Medical Council
Exhibition Road
Siddi Sadan
Kathmandu
NEPAL
9771422694
[email protected]
Netherlands
Year of Last Request: 1999
Scope of Practice: undetermined
The AOA sent a letter to the Netherlands requesting recognition of the U.S. D.O. degree for licensure of physicians. 1999 - The Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport sent an application plus the requirements for "admission of foreign doctors." The requirements for licensure do not specifically recognize U.S.-trained D.O.s. The osteopathic physician interested in licensure will complete the application and submit it for licensure.
Contact: Ministry of Health, Welfare & Sport Royal Dutch Medical Assn.
Po Box 20350 Lomanlaan 103
Den Hang 2500 ET Po Box 20065
THE NETHERLANDS OR Utrecht 3502LB
http://www.minvws.nl THE NETHERLANDS
31703407400 http://www.artsennet.nl
31302823248
New Zealand
Year of Last Request: 2005
Scope of Practice: unlimited on a case-by-case basis
A US educated DO was granted full licensure to practice medicine as a GP with a specialty of Musculoskeletal Medicine. The license was awarded following a hearing before the licensing authorities in New Zealand.
Contact: Chairman
Medical Council of New Zealand
PO Box 11649
Level 13, Mid City Tower
Wellington
NEW ZEALAND
http://www.ncnz.org.nz
Nicaragua
Year of Last Request: 1993
Scope of Practice: unknown
Per a telephone conversation with the Assistant Secretary for Non-governmental Assistance, budget constriction in Nicaragua prevents the government from paying foreigners who wish to work in Nicaragua. Financial aid is sometimes given through foundations and tax exemptions are given on items brought by foreign workers, such as medical equipment.
Contact: Minister de Salud
Miniterio de Salud
Ste. A Gallo y Villa Sur
Edif. Complejo Camilo Ortega
Managua
NICARAGUA
Nigeria
Year of Last Request: 1999
Scope of Practice: unlimited
In order to gain licensure in Nigeria, an osteopathic physician must have graduated from an AOA accredited college of osteopathic medicine and must have completed a one-year rotating internship. An appearance in front of the Nigeria Medical Council is also required and an oral quiz may be mandated. Reciprocity exists with several other African countries and with the United States. In 1999, the AOA received a letter from a DO who is licensed in Nigeria. He was licensed in Nigeria by reciprocity of his Texas license and recognition of AOA training programs. He is licensed to practice medicine and surgery with a specialty certificate in orthopedics.
Contact: Dean, Faculty of Medicine
University of Ibadan
Ibadan
NIGERIA
Medical & Dental Council of Nigeria
Federal Secretariat
Phase II, 8th Flr PMB12611
NIGERIA
2348023113025
Norway
Year of Last Request: 1990
Scope of Practice: limited to manipulation
Although D.O.s are able to obtain a license to practice only manipulation in Norway, they are not permitted to use the title "doctor" and all osteopathic services are not covered for payment under Norway's socialized medicine system.
Contact: Norwegian Registration Authority for Health Personnel
Postbox 8053 DEP
0031 0510
NORWAY
http://www.safari.no
4721529700
Year of Last Request: 1999
Scope of Practice: undetermined
The AOA received a response to its 1998 inquiry regarding licensure of US-trained DOs. The Medical Council of India stated that osteopathic medicine degree is not recognized for the purpose of IMC Act, 1956. However, they did state that a DO might apply after getting Indian nationality and after implementation of screening test Regulation/Provision in the Indian Medical Council Act.
Contact: Delhi Medical Council
RM NO 356-357 3rd Floor
Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg
New Delhi 110002
INDIA
Indonesia
Year of Last Request: 1992
Scope of Practice: unlimited if with mission or university
Foreign-trained physicians can enjoy unlimited practice rights if they are working in conjunction with a university for a specific project, or if they are providing services on behalf of a mission. Foreign physicians are barred from private practice. No examination is required, yet a degree from an approved medical school is needed.
Contact: Indonesian Medical Association WIHRD
J1 Sam Ratulangi OR JiPercetakon Negara 2G
Jakarta 29 Jakarta 29
INDONESIA INDONESIA
Iran
Year of Last Request: 1999
Scope of Practice: unknown
The AOA did not receive a response to its request for information on how a U.S. educated D.O. could obtain licensure.
Contact: Ministry of Health and Medical Education
Keshavarz Blvd.
Building #2 11th Floor
Tehran
IRAN
Ireland
Year of Last Request: 1999
Scope of Practice: denied
The AOA has written numerous letters to various government agencies in Ireland. At its August 1998 meeting, the Education and Training Committee reviewed pertinent information regarding the osteopathic education and training. The Medical Council on the recommendation of its Education and Training Committee decided to once again deny licensure to U.S. trained D.O.s because osteopathic medical schools are not recognized by the Liaison Committee on Medical Education, the U.S. allopathic medical school accreditation body. In 2000, the AOA once again wrote to The Medical Council on the behalf of a U.S. educated D.O. who will be traveling with an American sports group as the team physician to compete in Ireland. The request was for approval to treat U.S. citizen while in Ireland. The response from The Medical Council has been that they will take the matter under consideration.
Contact: Registrar, Medical Council of Ireland
Lynn House, Portobello Court
Lower Rathmines Road
Dublin 6
IRELAND
http://www.medicalcouncil.ie
353.149.831.00
Israel
Year of Last Request: 1999
Scope of Practice: to be determined
Previously, U.S.-trained osteopathic physicians were granted full practice rights in Israel, providing they have established residence in Israel. It was required that all immigrant physicians pass a licensing examination given in summer or in winter. It is possible to take the test in English, but the knowledge of Hebrew is both necessary and mandatory in order to obtain employment as a physician in Israel (immigrant physicians are eligible for a free 5-mo intensive Hebrew course). The exam is a pass/fail and the format is multiple choice. Areas covered by the exam are internal medicine, surgery, gynecology and obstetrics, and psychiatry. The AOA was informed that the laws in Israel do not specifically include US-trained DOs. The AOA and osteopathic physicians who hold Israeli licensure are working to resolve this issue.
Contact: Ministry of Health
2, Ben Tabi Street
POB 1176
Jerusalem 93591
Israel
97226705820
[email protected]
Italy
Year of Last Request: 2004
Scope of Practice: unlimited, but difficult to obtain
It may be possible for a U.S.-trained D.O. to practice in Italy, yet it is extremely difficult to obtain the license to practice. Non-Italians must obtain a work permit, which is issued only when no Italian citizen can be found to fill the post. Therefore physicians are discouraged from seeking employment in Italy without firm contracts and work permits. According to 1990 AOA file information, if there exists a U.S. state law outlining reciprocity with Italy, a statement to this effect from the Italian Consulate will warrant better chances.
Contact: National Federation of the Orders of Doctors & Dentists
Piazza Cola Di Rienzo 80/A
Rome
ITALY
http://www.fnomceo.it
[email protected]
39636203232
Jamaica
Year of Last Request: 1994
Scope of Practice: limited
The AOA has researched licensure in Jamaica through a specific mission project presented to the Minister of Health by a group of U.S.-trained D.O.s. While the request for D.O. degree recognition and full practice rights were initially denied by the Minister, the D.O.s were permitted to supply some services while participating in the mission.
Contact: Chief Medical Officer
Medical Council of Jamaica
Old Oceana Complex
9th Floor
2-4 King Street
Kingston 5
JAMAICA
(876) 922-3116
Japan
Year of Last Request: 1993
Scope of Practice: unknown
The AOA did not receive a response to its request for information on how a U.S. educated D.O. could obtain licensure.
Contact: Director
Office of Examination and Licensing
Ministry of Health and Welfare
1-2-2 Kasumigaseki
Chiyoda Ku
Tokyo 100-25
JAPAN
[email protected]
Kenya
Year of Last Request: 1991
Scope of Practice: unknown
AOA files do not contain a response from Kenya health officials regarding the status of osteopathic licensure.
Contact: Medical Practitioners and Dentists Board
PO Box 44839
Nairobi
KENYA
(254) 271-1478
Korea (South)
Year of Last Request: 1995
Scope of Practice: unknown
AOA file information includes a request for information regarding the "Korean Society of Osteopathic College of Radiology," but no response was received.
Contact: National Health Personnel Licensing Examination Board
3891 Poongnapz-Dong
Songpa-KU
SEOUL
SOUTH KOREA
http://www.kuksiwon.or.kr
(822) 478-0332
Kuwait
Year of Last Request: 1993
Scope of Practice: unknown
Per a letter of inquiry from the AOA, the Kuwati Ministry of Public Health requested further information regarding the profession and educational structure of osteopathic medicine as practiced in the United States. The request for additional information was mailed, but no response was received from the Ministry.
Contact: Undersecretary
Ministry of Public Health
PO Box 5
13001 Safat
KUWAIT
Laos
Year of Last Request: 1992
Scope of Practice: unknown
From information obtained from the U.S. Embassy in Laos, it appears that D.O.s can work through medical relief organizations.
Contact: AOA State Government Affairs
Lebanon
Year of Last Request: 2004
Scope of Practice: unlimited
It was reported to the AOA that US-educated osteopathic physicians are considered on an individual basis and need a letter from the AOA citing their education, training, etc. If accepted, the DO can then sit for the medical examination currently used in Lebanon.
Contact: Minister S. Frangieh
Minister of Health
Rue du Musee
Beirut
LEBANON
Liberia
Year of Last Request: sometime before 1990
Scope of Practice: unlimited
All foreign trained physicians must be approved on an individual basis and must submit a photocopy of a license and medical school degree. No distinction between the M.D. and D.O. degrees is made and a rotating internship is required. Special permits are not available, although visits of less than six months can be arranged.
Contact: Liberian Medical Board
Monrovia
LIBERIA
Luxembourg
Year of Last Request: 1987
Scope of Practice: unlimited, but difficult to obtain
The practice of medicine in Luxembourg by a doctor who is not a national of the European Economic Community is very rare.
Contact: Ministere de la Sante
57 Boulevard de la Perusse
L2320
LUXEMBOURG
Malaysia
Year of Last Request: 1993
Scope of Practice: denied
Malaysian law does not allow for osteopathic medical practice, therefore the Ministry denied the AOA's request for practice rights.
Contact: Malaysian Medical Council
Ministry of Health
50590 Kuala Lempur
MALAYSIA
32935077
Mexico
Year of Last Request: 1998
Scope of Practice: previously denied
Previous AOA file information indicated that D.O. licensure could not be obtained in Mexico unless through the association of a short-term mission project, such as the osteopathic physician group "DOCARE." No physician, D.O. or M.D., may practice in Mexico without working papers, which requires completion of a five-year residency and after which services are given on a limited basis and under the supervision of a Mexican M.D. Political connections are extremely helpful but do not necessarily guarantee licensure.
Contact: Mexico Secretaria-Educacion Publica
Insurgentes sur 2387, 2 01000
Mexico
Micronesia
Year of Last Request: 1993
Scope of Practice: unlimited
Micronesian law does provide specifically for the inclusion of "doctors of osteopathy."
Contact: Secretary of Human Resources
Department of Health Services
Federated States of Micronesia
PO Box PS 70
Palikir, Pohnpei, FM 96941
Morocco
Year of Last Request: 1994
Scope of Practice: denied
Application for physician licensure is a "long and fastidious" procedure, according to the Minister of Health, unless a bilateral cooperation agreement has been signed by Morocco and the applicant's country of origin. According to a representative from the North African Affairs Bureau of the U.S. State Department, no such agreement exists between the U.S. and any country. Therefore no U.S. physicians, whether D.O. or M.D., are eligible to be licensed in Morocco.
Contact: Ministere de la Sante Publique
355, avenue Mohammed V
Rabat
MOROCCO
Nepal
Year of Last Request: 1993
Scope of Practice: unlimited
The Nepalese Minister of Health granted full practice rights to osteopathic physicians upon the AOA's first and only request. Full practice rights will be granted after approval by the Nepal Medical Council and the acquisition of a visa from the Immigration Department.
Contact: Nepal Medical Council
Exhibition Road
Siddi Sadan
Kathmandu
NEPAL
9771422694
[email protected]
Netherlands
Year of Last Request: 1999
Scope of Practice: undetermined
The AOA sent a letter to the Netherlands requesting recognition of the U.S. D.O. degree for licensure of physicians. 1999 - The Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport sent an application plus the requirements for "admission of foreign doctors." The requirements for licensure do not specifically recognize U.S.-trained D.O.s. The osteopathic physician interested in licensure will complete the application and submit it for licensure.
Contact: Ministry of Health, Welfare & Sport Royal Dutch Medical Assn.
Po Box 20350 Lomanlaan 103
Den Hang 2500 ET Po Box 20065
THE NETHERLANDS OR Utrecht 3502LB
http://www.minvws.nl THE NETHERLANDS
31703407400 http://www.artsennet.nl
31302823248
New Zealand
Year of Last Request: 2005
Scope of Practice: unlimited on a case-by-case basis
A US educated DO was granted full licensure to practice medicine as a GP with a specialty of Musculoskeletal Medicine. The license was awarded following a hearing before the licensing authorities in New Zealand.
Contact: Chairman
Medical Council of New Zealand
PO Box 11649
Level 13, Mid City Tower
Wellington
NEW ZEALAND
http://www.ncnz.org.nz
Nicaragua
Year of Last Request: 1993
Scope of Practice: unknown
Per a telephone conversation with the Assistant Secretary for Non-governmental Assistance, budget constriction in Nicaragua prevents the government from paying foreigners who wish to work in Nicaragua. Financial aid is sometimes given through foundations and tax exemptions are given on items brought by foreign workers, such as medical equipment.
Contact: Minister de Salud
Miniterio de Salud
Ste. A Gallo y Villa Sur
Edif. Complejo Camilo Ortega
Managua
NICARAGUA
Nigeria
Year of Last Request: 1999
Scope of Practice: unlimited
In order to gain licensure in Nigeria, an osteopathic physician must have graduated from an AOA accredited college of osteopathic medicine and must have completed a one-year rotating internship. An appearance in front of the Nigeria Medical Council is also required and an oral quiz may be mandated. Reciprocity exists with several other African countries and with the United States. In 1999, the AOA received a letter from a DO who is licensed in Nigeria. He was licensed in Nigeria by reciprocity of his Texas license and recognition of AOA training programs. He is licensed to practice medicine and surgery with a specialty certificate in orthopedics.
Contact: Dean, Faculty of Medicine
University of Ibadan
Ibadan
NIGERIA
Medical & Dental Council of Nigeria
Federal Secretariat
Phase II, 8th Flr PMB12611
NIGERIA
2348023113025
Norway
Year of Last Request: 1990
Scope of Practice: limited to manipulation
Although D.O.s are able to obtain a license to practice only manipulation in Norway, they are not permitted to use the title "doctor" and all osteopathic services are not covered for payment under Norway's socialized medicine system.
Contact: Norwegian Registration Authority for Health Personnel
Postbox 8053 DEP
0031 0510
NORWAY
http://www.safari.no
4721529700
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Pakistan
Year of Last Request: 1996
Scope of Practice: unknown
Although the Council does not recognize the D.O. degree, one U.S.-trained D.O. has been recognized on individual merits by the Council after much documentary evidence; however, his practice is confined to one hospital and he may not engage in private practice.
Contact: Pakistan Medical and Dental Council
Mauve Area
Sector G-10/4
Islamabad Federal Capital
PAKISTAN
http://pmdc.org.pk
92519266429
Panama
Year of Last Request: 1994
Scope of Practice: unlimited
The University of Panama must first accept the diploma of the applicant as equivalent to that issued by the University. The applicant must also be a citizen of Panama and fulfill any necessary training from the Technical Council of Public Health.
Contact: Director General
Ministerio de Salud
Apartado 2048
Panama 1,
REPUBLIC OF PANAMA
Papua New Guinea
Year of Last Request: 1996
Scope of Practice: unlimited
Two U.S.-trained D.O.s were able to secure medical practitioner licenses. The physicians reported that it was a long, involved process that took approximately one year to accomplish. Physicians can also apply for a short-term or a long-term volunteer service license.
Contact: Registrar
Medical Board of
Papua New Guinea
PO Box 841
Port Moresby National Capital District
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
Peru
Year of Last Request: 1994
Scope of Practice: unknown
The AOA did not receive a response to its request for information on how a U.S. educated D.O. could obtain licensure.
Contact: Colegio Medico del Peru
261 Los Procers
Lima, PERU
Ministry of Health
Ave Salaverry S-N
Cudra 7
Lima
PERU
Philippines
Year of Last Request: 1994
Scope of Practice: unknown
The AOA did not receive a response to its request for information on how a U.S. educated D.O. could obtain licensure.
Contact: Philippines Board of Medicine
P Paredes Street
Sampaloc Manila
PHILIPPINES
6327416061
Romania
Year of Last Request: 1994
Scope of Practice: unknown
The AOA did not receive a response to its request for information on how a U.S. educated D.O. could obtain licensure.
Contact: Ministry of Health and Family
Secdor 1
Ministerului 224
Bucharest
ROMANIA
Russia/Commonwealth of Independent States
Year of Last Request: 1994
Scope of Practice: unlimited with sponsor
Several U.S. trained D.O.s have provided services in parts of the former U.S.S.R. through a program established by Deborah Hospital of New Jersey. According to the U.S. Embassy in Moscow, a licensure process is not up and running; therefore, foreign doctors make arrangements to practice through Russian sponsors, such as hospitals or businesses.
Contact: Russian newspapers/medical journals
Ministry of Public Health
Vadikovsky Per 18-20
101474 Moscow
RUSSIA
Association of Physicians of Russia
15-2-239 Petrozavodskaja St.
125502 Moscow
RUSSIA
St. Lucia
Year of Last Request: 2000
Scope of Practice: unlimited
A U.S.-educated D.O. was granted an unlimited license to practice medicine based on his credentials.
Contact: Medical Council of St. Lucia
Minister of Education & Health
Castries
ST. LUCIA
St. Kitts
Year of last Request: sometime before 1990
Scope of Practice: unknown
AOA file information indicates that the point of contact to inquire about osteopathic licensure is the Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Health, however no address is given.
Contact: Medical Board of St. Christopher & Nevis
PO Box 186
Basseterre
St. Kitts
WEST INDIES
8694652521
Saudi Arabia
Year of Last Request: 1994
Scope of Practice: unlimited
In order to practice medicine in Saudi Arabia, a foreign physician must be recruited by a government agency, a corporation or a private health care entity, such as a hospital.
Contact: Saudi newspapers/medical journals
Scotland
Year of Request: 1998
Scope of Practice: varies
A US-trained D.O. has been working in Scotland for several years as a non-physician osteopath. An osteopathic physician sponsored by the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons was denied licensure based on the fact that osteopathic medical schools are not accredited by WHO. The AOA supplied the physician with information on osteopathic accreditation and also supplied information that WHO is not an accrediting agency for any medical schools in the U.S. See also United Kingdom.
Contact: The Secretary
Scottish Osteopathic Society
Rosemount Osteopathy
26 Northfield Place
Aberdeen AB25 1SD
SCOTLAND
Tel: 01224 635999
http://www.scottish-osteopathic-society.co.uk/index.htm
Sierra Leone
Year of Last Request: 1993
Scope of Practice: unlimited
Physician licensure can be obtained in Sierra Leone with the submission of notarized osteopathic medical school diploma, curricula vitae and a letter of intent to the Deputy Chief Medical Officer. Desire to work with a mission or for the needy will work in the applicant's favor. In addition, a D.O. who has been living in Sierra Leone for many years has been extremely helpful in assisting other D.O.s with obtaining practice rights.
Contact: Sierra Leone Medical and Dental Council
New England, PO Box 932
Frectown
SIERRA LEONE
P:23222220753
Singapore
Year of Last Request: 1993
Scope of Practice: denied
The Singapore Medical Council will not recognize the D.O. degree; in fact, it will only recognize those M.D. degrees conferred by 11 allopathic medical schools.
Contact: Singapore Medical Council Singapore Medical Council/Ministry of Health
Level 4 Institute of Health College of Medicine Building
32nd Hospital Avenue 168937 16 College Road
SINGAPORE SINGAPORE 169854
http://www.gov.sg/moh http://www.smc.gov.sg
South Africa
Year of Last Request: 1996
Scope of Practice: limited to manipulation
Osteopathic medicine is not legislatively defined and many barriers exist in licensing foreign trained physicians despite the crucial need (there is only one doctor per 3,400 black South Africans). In 1996, the AOA wrote a letter to the South African Medical Council on behalf of a D.O. who was part of a medical mission team going to South Africa. The medical council did not wish to grant the U.S.-trained D.O. a temporary license to do medical missions work.
Contact: Registrar
Health Professions Council of South Africa
PO Box 205
Pretoria, Gauteng 0001
SOUTH AFRICA
http://www.hpcsa.co.za
27123389319
Spain
Year of Last Request: 1994
Scope of Practice: denied
Osteopathic medicine is not regulated in Spain and therefore, per the Secretary General of the Spanish Ministry of Health, D.O.s may not obtain physician licenses.
Contact: Spanish Council of the Colleges of Physicians
Villanueva, LL
Madrid 28001 SPAIN
http://www.cgcom.org
Spanish Consejo General de Colegios Medicos
Villaneuva 114
E-28001 Madrid SPAIN
http://www.cgcom.org/ome0.htm
P:34914317780
Sweden
Year of Last Request: 1996
Scope of Practice: unlimited
An osteopathic physician met with Swedish officials and they did not seem to have any objections to U.S.-trained osteopathic physicians being licensed there (especially since two U.S.-trained D.O.s were granted full practice rights in 1974 and 1976).
Contact: National Board of Health & Welfare
Ralambsvagen 3
Se 106 30 Stockholm
SWEDEN
4685555300
Medical Responsibilty Board
Box 3539
Stockholm 103 69
SWEDEN
087831900
Switzerland
Year of Last Request: 1993
Scope of Practice: denied
Only Swiss citizens and "recognized refugees" are eligible to sit for the state-administered physician licensure exams. Passage of the examinations is the first step in receiving a license. After the examination process, one must obtain a work permit in order to participate in a post doctoral training program (residency) of which there are far less positions than applicants. This work permit expires after twelve months and cannot be renewed. Further, osteopathic medicine is not recognized by the Swiss government.
Contact: Swiss Medical Association
Elfenstrasse 18
Postfah 293
3000 Bern 16
SWITZERLAND
http://www.fmh.ch
P:41313591111
Syria
Year of Last Request: 1996
Scope of Practice: unknown
The AOA did not receive a response to its request for information on how a U.S. educated D.O. could obtain licensure.
Contact: Minister of Health
Parliament Street
Damascus
SYRIA
Taiwan
Year of Last Request: 2005
Scope of Practice: unlimited
The R.O.C. government recognizes the U.S. D.O. degree. This allows U.S.-educated D.O.s to sit for Taiwan's Examination Yuan and, if successful, can continue on in the process for licensure.
Contact: Director
General Department of Health
100 Aikuo East Road
Taipei
TAIWAN
Tanzania
Year of Last Request: 1985
Scope of Practice: unlimited
Licensure will be granted to applicants with medical school degrees who have completed a required, although unspecified, residency. Temporary work permits are available and reregistration is required annually.
Contact: Medical Council of Tanganyika
PO Box 9083
Dar-es-Salaam
TANZANIA
Year of Last Request: 1996
Scope of Practice: unknown
Although the Council does not recognize the D.O. degree, one U.S.-trained D.O. has been recognized on individual merits by the Council after much documentary evidence; however, his practice is confined to one hospital and he may not engage in private practice.
Contact: Pakistan Medical and Dental Council
Mauve Area
Sector G-10/4
Islamabad Federal Capital
PAKISTAN
http://pmdc.org.pk
92519266429
Panama
Year of Last Request: 1994
Scope of Practice: unlimited
The University of Panama must first accept the diploma of the applicant as equivalent to that issued by the University. The applicant must also be a citizen of Panama and fulfill any necessary training from the Technical Council of Public Health.
Contact: Director General
Ministerio de Salud
Apartado 2048
Panama 1,
REPUBLIC OF PANAMA
Papua New Guinea
Year of Last Request: 1996
Scope of Practice: unlimited
Two U.S.-trained D.O.s were able to secure medical practitioner licenses. The physicians reported that it was a long, involved process that took approximately one year to accomplish. Physicians can also apply for a short-term or a long-term volunteer service license.
Contact: Registrar
Medical Board of
Papua New Guinea
PO Box 841
Port Moresby National Capital District
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
Peru
Year of Last Request: 1994
Scope of Practice: unknown
The AOA did not receive a response to its request for information on how a U.S. educated D.O. could obtain licensure.
Contact: Colegio Medico del Peru
261 Los Procers
Lima, PERU
Ministry of Health
Ave Salaverry S-N
Cudra 7
Lima
PERU
Philippines
Year of Last Request: 1994
Scope of Practice: unknown
The AOA did not receive a response to its request for information on how a U.S. educated D.O. could obtain licensure.
Contact: Philippines Board of Medicine
P Paredes Street
Sampaloc Manila
PHILIPPINES
6327416061
Romania
Year of Last Request: 1994
Scope of Practice: unknown
The AOA did not receive a response to its request for information on how a U.S. educated D.O. could obtain licensure.
Contact: Ministry of Health and Family
Secdor 1
Ministerului 224
Bucharest
ROMANIA
Russia/Commonwealth of Independent States
Year of Last Request: 1994
Scope of Practice: unlimited with sponsor
Several U.S. trained D.O.s have provided services in parts of the former U.S.S.R. through a program established by Deborah Hospital of New Jersey. According to the U.S. Embassy in Moscow, a licensure process is not up and running; therefore, foreign doctors make arrangements to practice through Russian sponsors, such as hospitals or businesses.
Contact: Russian newspapers/medical journals
Ministry of Public Health
Vadikovsky Per 18-20
101474 Moscow
RUSSIA
Association of Physicians of Russia
15-2-239 Petrozavodskaja St.
125502 Moscow
RUSSIA
St. Lucia
Year of Last Request: 2000
Scope of Practice: unlimited
A U.S.-educated D.O. was granted an unlimited license to practice medicine based on his credentials.
Contact: Medical Council of St. Lucia
Minister of Education & Health
Castries
ST. LUCIA
St. Kitts
Year of last Request: sometime before 1990
Scope of Practice: unknown
AOA file information indicates that the point of contact to inquire about osteopathic licensure is the Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Health, however no address is given.
Contact: Medical Board of St. Christopher & Nevis
PO Box 186
Basseterre
St. Kitts
WEST INDIES
8694652521
Saudi Arabia
Year of Last Request: 1994
Scope of Practice: unlimited
In order to practice medicine in Saudi Arabia, a foreign physician must be recruited by a government agency, a corporation or a private health care entity, such as a hospital.
Contact: Saudi newspapers/medical journals
Scotland
Year of Request: 1998
Scope of Practice: varies
A US-trained D.O. has been working in Scotland for several years as a non-physician osteopath. An osteopathic physician sponsored by the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons was denied licensure based on the fact that osteopathic medical schools are not accredited by WHO. The AOA supplied the physician with information on osteopathic accreditation and also supplied information that WHO is not an accrediting agency for any medical schools in the U.S. See also United Kingdom.
Contact: The Secretary
Scottish Osteopathic Society
Rosemount Osteopathy
26 Northfield Place
Aberdeen AB25 1SD
SCOTLAND
Tel: 01224 635999
http://www.scottish-osteopathic-society.co.uk/index.htm
Sierra Leone
Year of Last Request: 1993
Scope of Practice: unlimited
Physician licensure can be obtained in Sierra Leone with the submission of notarized osteopathic medical school diploma, curricula vitae and a letter of intent to the Deputy Chief Medical Officer. Desire to work with a mission or for the needy will work in the applicant's favor. In addition, a D.O. who has been living in Sierra Leone for many years has been extremely helpful in assisting other D.O.s with obtaining practice rights.
Contact: Sierra Leone Medical and Dental Council
New England, PO Box 932
Frectown
SIERRA LEONE
P:23222220753
Singapore
Year of Last Request: 1993
Scope of Practice: denied
The Singapore Medical Council will not recognize the D.O. degree; in fact, it will only recognize those M.D. degrees conferred by 11 allopathic medical schools.
Contact: Singapore Medical Council Singapore Medical Council/Ministry of Health
Level 4 Institute of Health College of Medicine Building
32nd Hospital Avenue 168937 16 College Road
SINGAPORE SINGAPORE 169854
http://www.gov.sg/moh http://www.smc.gov.sg
South Africa
Year of Last Request: 1996
Scope of Practice: limited to manipulation
Osteopathic medicine is not legislatively defined and many barriers exist in licensing foreign trained physicians despite the crucial need (there is only one doctor per 3,400 black South Africans). In 1996, the AOA wrote a letter to the South African Medical Council on behalf of a D.O. who was part of a medical mission team going to South Africa. The medical council did not wish to grant the U.S.-trained D.O. a temporary license to do medical missions work.
Contact: Registrar
Health Professions Council of South Africa
PO Box 205
Pretoria, Gauteng 0001
SOUTH AFRICA
http://www.hpcsa.co.za
27123389319
Spain
Year of Last Request: 1994
Scope of Practice: denied
Osteopathic medicine is not regulated in Spain and therefore, per the Secretary General of the Spanish Ministry of Health, D.O.s may not obtain physician licenses.
Contact: Spanish Council of the Colleges of Physicians
Villanueva, LL
Madrid 28001 SPAIN
http://www.cgcom.org
Spanish Consejo General de Colegios Medicos
Villaneuva 114
E-28001 Madrid SPAIN
http://www.cgcom.org/ome0.htm
P:34914317780
Sweden
Year of Last Request: 1996
Scope of Practice: unlimited
An osteopathic physician met with Swedish officials and they did not seem to have any objections to U.S.-trained osteopathic physicians being licensed there (especially since two U.S.-trained D.O.s were granted full practice rights in 1974 and 1976).
Contact: National Board of Health & Welfare
Ralambsvagen 3
Se 106 30 Stockholm
SWEDEN
4685555300
Medical Responsibilty Board
Box 3539
Stockholm 103 69
SWEDEN
087831900
Switzerland
Year of Last Request: 1993
Scope of Practice: denied
Only Swiss citizens and "recognized refugees" are eligible to sit for the state-administered physician licensure exams. Passage of the examinations is the first step in receiving a license. After the examination process, one must obtain a work permit in order to participate in a post doctoral training program (residency) of which there are far less positions than applicants. This work permit expires after twelve months and cannot be renewed. Further, osteopathic medicine is not recognized by the Swiss government.
Contact: Swiss Medical Association
Elfenstrasse 18
Postfah 293
3000 Bern 16
SWITZERLAND
http://www.fmh.ch
P:41313591111
Syria
Year of Last Request: 1996
Scope of Practice: unknown
The AOA did not receive a response to its request for information on how a U.S. educated D.O. could obtain licensure.
Contact: Minister of Health
Parliament Street
Damascus
SYRIA
Taiwan
Year of Last Request: 2005
Scope of Practice: unlimited
The R.O.C. government recognizes the U.S. D.O. degree. This allows U.S.-educated D.O.s to sit for Taiwan's Examination Yuan and, if successful, can continue on in the process for licensure.
Contact: Director
General Department of Health
100 Aikuo East Road
Taipei
TAIWAN
Tanzania
Year of Last Request: 1985
Scope of Practice: unlimited
Licensure will be granted to applicants with medical school degrees who have completed a required, although unspecified, residency. Temporary work permits are available and reregistration is required annually.
Contact: Medical Council of Tanganyika
PO Box 9083
Dar-es-Salaam
TANZANIA
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Thailand
Year of Last Request: 1996
Scope of Practice: undetermined
The AOA did not receive a response to its request for information on how a U.S. educated D.O. could obtain licensure.
Contact: Thai Medical Council
275 Devavesm Palace
Bangkok 2
THAILAND
Turkey
Year of Last Request: 1988
Scope of Practice: unknown
AOA file information is scant and to date no new requests have been made.
Contact: Turkey Ministry of Health
T.C. Saglik Bakanligi
Sihhiye Ankara
TURKEY
Uganda
Year of Last Request: 1990
Scope of Practice: denied
Uganda does not recognize the osteopathic profession and has therefore denied any type of practice rights to U.S. trained D.O.s.
Contact: Registrar
Uganda Medical and Dental Practitioners
PO Box 16115
Wandegeya Kampala
UGANDA
Ukraine
Year of Last Request: 1999
Scope of Practice: unknown
There has been discussion about the possibility of establishing rotations, specifically ophthalmology, in the Ukraine. Documentation has been sent regarding the equivalence of DOs and MDs in the United States.
Contact: Contact the AOA for further information
(800) 621-1773 ext. 8280
United Arab Emirates
Year of Last Request: 1993 and 2004
Scope of Practice: varied
A U.S.-trained D.O. who has practiced in the U.A.E. for many years has informed the AOA about the status of osteopathic licensure. Physician licensure is difficult. In 2004, an osteopathic physician who also has a practice in Lebanon petitioned for recognition. The Ministry contacted the UAE Embassy in the United States for more information. The AOA provided the Embassy with information about the profession and but his request was denied.
Contact: Ministry of Health
PO Box 848
Abu Dhabi,
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
http://www.moh.gov.ae
United Kingdom
Year of Last Request: 2005
Scope of Practice: full scope of practice
The General Medical Council of Great Britain has announced that, after more than a year of deliberation, US-trained DOs will be accepted for full medical practice rights in the United Kingdom. Each applicant will have to pass the Professional Linguistic Assessment Board (PLAB) examination and work for one supervised year in the National Health Service (NHS). Following that year, the applicants will be able to apply for full registration (unsupervised practice or private practice). For registration as a specialist, postgraduate training will need to be separately recognized by the Postgraduate Medical Education and Training Board (PMETB).
Contact: Registration Services
General Medical Council
5th Floor, St James Buildings
79 Oxford Road
Manchester
UNITED KINGDOM
Venezuela
Year of Last Request: 1993
Scope of Practice: unknown
To date, the AOA has not received a response from the Health Minister regarding osteopathic licensure.
Contact: Ministerio de Sanidad & Asistencia Social
Recursos Humanos
Chief Executive Officer
Caracas
VENEZUELA
Vietnam
Year of Last Request: 1993
Scope of Practice: unlimited
U.S.-trained D.O.s will be accepted as full physicians in Vietnam. Foreign physicians can fill vacancies in hospitals that are in need of certain specialists. However, these hospitals are government-owned and pay very low wages if any at all. Most foreign physicians are providing volunteer care to the people of Vietnam.
Contact: Ministry of Health
138A Gian Vo Street
Hanoi
VIETNAM
Professor Nguyen Kim Son
Viet-Doc Hospital
40 Trang Thi
Hanoi
VIETNAM
Professor Le Huy Lieu
Bach Mai Hospital
Giai Phonv Road
Hanoi
VIETNAM
Professor Trihn Kim Anh
Cho Ray Hospital
201A Nguyen Chi Thanh Street
District 5, HCMC
VIETNAM
Zambia
Year of Last Request: 1971
Scope of Practice: unlimited
A degree from an accredited college of osteopathic medicine is required for licensure in Zambia.
Contact: Medical Council of Zambia
PO Box 32554
Lukasa 10101
ZAMBIA
Zimbabwe
Year of Last Request: 1993
Scope of Practice: limited to manipulation
After review of the osteopathic medical curriculum, the Health Professions Council of Zimbabwe denied the AOA's request for full practice rights and instead referred D.O. Iicensure requests to the
Year of Last Request: 1996
Scope of Practice: undetermined
The AOA did not receive a response to its request for information on how a U.S. educated D.O. could obtain licensure.
Contact: Thai Medical Council
275 Devavesm Palace
Bangkok 2
THAILAND
Turkey
Year of Last Request: 1988
Scope of Practice: unknown
AOA file information is scant and to date no new requests have been made.
Contact: Turkey Ministry of Health
T.C. Saglik Bakanligi
Sihhiye Ankara
TURKEY
Uganda
Year of Last Request: 1990
Scope of Practice: denied
Uganda does not recognize the osteopathic profession and has therefore denied any type of practice rights to U.S. trained D.O.s.
Contact: Registrar
Uganda Medical and Dental Practitioners
PO Box 16115
Wandegeya Kampala
UGANDA
Ukraine
Year of Last Request: 1999
Scope of Practice: unknown
There has been discussion about the possibility of establishing rotations, specifically ophthalmology, in the Ukraine. Documentation has been sent regarding the equivalence of DOs and MDs in the United States.
Contact: Contact the AOA for further information
(800) 621-1773 ext. 8280
United Arab Emirates
Year of Last Request: 1993 and 2004
Scope of Practice: varied
A U.S.-trained D.O. who has practiced in the U.A.E. for many years has informed the AOA about the status of osteopathic licensure. Physician licensure is difficult. In 2004, an osteopathic physician who also has a practice in Lebanon petitioned for recognition. The Ministry contacted the UAE Embassy in the United States for more information. The AOA provided the Embassy with information about the profession and but his request was denied.
Contact: Ministry of Health
PO Box 848
Abu Dhabi,
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
http://www.moh.gov.ae
United Kingdom
Year of Last Request: 2005
Scope of Practice: full scope of practice
The General Medical Council of Great Britain has announced that, after more than a year of deliberation, US-trained DOs will be accepted for full medical practice rights in the United Kingdom. Each applicant will have to pass the Professional Linguistic Assessment Board (PLAB) examination and work for one supervised year in the National Health Service (NHS). Following that year, the applicants will be able to apply for full registration (unsupervised practice or private practice). For registration as a specialist, postgraduate training will need to be separately recognized by the Postgraduate Medical Education and Training Board (PMETB).
Contact: Registration Services
General Medical Council
5th Floor, St James Buildings
79 Oxford Road
Manchester
UNITED KINGDOM
Venezuela
Year of Last Request: 1993
Scope of Practice: unknown
To date, the AOA has not received a response from the Health Minister regarding osteopathic licensure.
Contact: Ministerio de Sanidad & Asistencia Social
Recursos Humanos
Chief Executive Officer
Caracas
VENEZUELA
Vietnam
Year of Last Request: 1993
Scope of Practice: unlimited
U.S.-trained D.O.s will be accepted as full physicians in Vietnam. Foreign physicians can fill vacancies in hospitals that are in need of certain specialists. However, these hospitals are government-owned and pay very low wages if any at all. Most foreign physicians are providing volunteer care to the people of Vietnam.
Contact: Ministry of Health
138A Gian Vo Street
Hanoi
VIETNAM
Professor Nguyen Kim Son
Viet-Doc Hospital
40 Trang Thi
Hanoi
VIETNAM
Professor Le Huy Lieu
Bach Mai Hospital
Giai Phonv Road
Hanoi
VIETNAM
Professor Trihn Kim Anh
Cho Ray Hospital
201A Nguyen Chi Thanh Street
District 5, HCMC
VIETNAM
Zambia
Year of Last Request: 1971
Scope of Practice: unlimited
A degree from an accredited college of osteopathic medicine is required for licensure in Zambia.
Contact: Medical Council of Zambia
PO Box 32554
Lukasa 10101
ZAMBIA
Zimbabwe
Year of Last Request: 1993
Scope of Practice: limited to manipulation
After review of the osteopathic medical curriculum, the Health Professions Council of Zimbabwe denied the AOA's request for full practice rights and instead referred D.O. Iicensure requests to the
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haha....I'd say that answers it....
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There are some countries not on there.
Ethiopia and Hati. I'm very interested in these two. Also Cuba.
Estonia, Lithuania, and some of the formor USSR communist block. That part of Europe needs help too. But no info from there.
And Poland and Hungary are missing from the list!
Germany and Sweden seem pro DO....but the Frenchies hate our guts. Looks like the Brits have allowed us practice rights finally, but their kilt wearing Scottish cousins hate us just as much as the Frenchies.
And our status in Japan is "Unknown." I thought that was dog gone ironic.
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I was in Ethiopia this summer and there was nothing I could find out either way. Most organizations didn't seem to care much, just that you were there to help was good enough.
I am slightly confused on one thing though. Do you have to be liscenced in each country to provide Aid based work there? I.E. In Kazakhstan to be a fully liscenced physician there you have to pass their boards in Russian. However I worked with a docter there(M.D.) who had been practicing there for years without taking their boards.
As of yet I have not been to a country where I could not do aid work, either long or short term, regardless of liscensure.
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I am only a lowly first year student, but I would conjur to guess that in many developing nations, they just don't have the people to go around and check physician liscening. So they'll take anything.
And South Africa's policy towards DOs is interesting. They won't even allow us to do missionary work there.
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Most countries that need aid don't require the standard licensure for physicians coming in short-term. Some are more lax than that (as Smackey cited).
The lists of countries that accept DOs for licensure are only applicable if you're planning on actually re-locating to the country in question, not for short-term aid.
Also, many of the countries that don't license US DOs also don't license US MDs. Some contries are simply protective of their own medical graduates.
The lists of countries that accept DOs for licensure are only applicable if you're planning on actually re-locating to the country in question, not for short-term aid.
Also, many of the countries that don't license US DOs also don't license US MDs. Some contries are simply protective of their own medical graduates.
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"Also, many of the countries that don't license US DOs also don't license US MDs."
That was what I have noticed, in most of these countries if you want to do aid work it doesn't really matter which you are, you won't get a liscence from them anyways. However I haven't seen this be a barrier to volunteer(short or long term) in most countries that need the help of well trained physicians.
I guess most of this really just applies to industrialized nations that people want to move to and work for their governmental type medical systems.
That was what I have noticed, in most of these countries if you want to do aid work it doesn't really matter which you are, you won't get a liscence from them anyways. However I haven't seen this be a barrier to volunteer(short or long term) in most countries that need the help of well trained physicians.
I guess most of this really just applies to industrialized nations that people want to move to and work for their governmental type medical systems.
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it has been for a while...check the FAQ's in pre-do
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Cool, I found it. Usually if something is in a sticky people get the "Wow, search must be broken today..." type response. An actual answer led me to believe it was original information. 
Good info to know though.
Good info to know though.
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This thread is fantastic. Does anyone have any updates though? Many of these countries response to the inquiry were quite funny.
Also, some of these countries don't even list residency requirements or they do but they are shorter in lenght. Is it maybe possible that after an intern year one can go and become a licensed GP somewhere else or am I misunderstanding?
Also, some of these countries don't even list residency requirements or they do but they are shorter in lenght. Is it maybe possible that after an intern year one can go and become a licensed GP somewhere else or am I misunderstanding?
D
deleted564680
I prefer the map format: http://www.osteopathic.org/inside-a.../Pages/international-practice-rights-map.aspx
As mentioned in the previous posts (great job reviving the 10 year old thread btw), a lot of the countries that don't license DOs, do not license MDs from the US either. Sometimes you can try to practice places too and it's just that no one has ever tried. Australia, for example, was "no DOs" until a guy was hired there for a certain position and now DOs can go there.
Some countries too require a test (UK, Quebec in Canada) in addition to just having the DO/MD degree.
As mentioned in the previous posts (great job reviving the 10 year old thread btw), a lot of the countries that don't license DOs, do not license MDs from the US either. Sometimes you can try to practice places too and it's just that no one has ever tried. Australia, for example, was "no DOs" until a guy was hired there for a certain position and now DOs can go there.
Some countries too require a test (UK, Quebec in Canada) in addition to just having the DO/MD degree.
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Here's a graphical representation from the AOA website. Most of Africa says no, which is funny because they need all the physicians they can get.
D
deleted564680
A lot of times the gray countries are places people just havent really tried to go...I'm sure if you pushed it hard enough then you could gain access as a DO.
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Wait I thought they are considered MDs no? Or is there a difference between US MD and carrib MD in term of "can I practice here"?
I thought Carb MD's ==/== same practice rights as US MD's
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It may be that most physicians who work in those areas do through organizations which check licenses, residency training, medical education etc. For government registration they usually check medical license. In addition several of those countries, especially in central Africa, have ongoing conflicts and are also French speaking which may limit how many American doctors are going to work in these places to begin with.
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Nice, but unless you do a non-AOA residency you're considered iMG in Canada....so pretty much nil chances
1 DO matched to Canada last year, there's about 20 working in the country
1 DO matched to Canada last year, there's about 20 working in the country
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Tho they only need 1 year of GME, so you can finish residency in US, and go back and do a fellowship or something for a year then voila
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Yeah, I looked extensively into this in the past.
As Cubsfan10 said, the grey doesn't indicate necessarily that they said no, but rather that no DO has been licensed in those countries. It's very possible that no DOs ever wanted to move to those countries. Only really Zimbabwe and South Africa have explicitly restricted DOs to OMM only, but this is more due to the non-US DO degrees being nothing more than an OMT degree in many countries.
One thing to keep in mind is that with regards to aid organizations the individual must be licensed by their home country (i.e. US), and with that they can work freely under those organizations in most countries (not all). These maps and such are more for people who want to physically move to those places and set up their own practice there.
It's important to recognize that in many countries you have plenty of hoops to jump through regardless assuming you even become a citizen. Even in the US you have to take the whole series of licensing exams and attain/repeat residency training here. Other countries have similar or even more stringent requirements.
They can't. I explicitly looked into this a few years so when I was applying. There's a handful of countries that recognize the SGU MD degree that do not recognize the DO degree, and another handful that recognize the DO degree but not the SGU MD degree. Most of the countries overlap, and I believe there are in fact numerically more countries that recognize the US DO degree than the SGE MD degree.
There is a very clear difference between US MD and Carib (or any foreign) MD. In fact recognition has more to do with the country of medical education than the actual degree. Although the MD degree is better known globally, a Carib MD has significantly less recognition globally than a US MD.
Anyone who starts med school this year and later will be ACGME trained. Even now the majority of DOs are ACGME trained. Also, most AOA residencies don't sponsor/accept Canadian citizens, so they'd have to go ACGME (or Canada). Also it varies by province whether you're viewed as an IMG in the Canadian match (but the provinces with the most residencies do view DOs as IMGs). That said, if you're ACGME trained in the US as a Canadian, you don't even have to worry about the Canadian match, you could just go there after training (but most don't want to).
To be more specific Quebec and BC require 1 year residency in the US (AOA or ACGME) and 1 yr in Canada (for Quebec that year has to be in Quebec). Nova Scotia and Ontario requires an ACGME or Canadian residency. The others vary, but most (including those above) require passing of licensing exams and some require 2 yrs of GME (AOA or ACGME).
Basically with the exception of Quebec and BC, you just need to do an ACGME residency and then you should be fine. Even with those provinces you just need to add a 1 yr residency in Quebec and you could practice anywhere in Canada provided you pass the licensing exams.
As Cubsfan10 said, the grey doesn't indicate necessarily that they said no, but rather that no DO has been licensed in those countries. It's very possible that no DOs ever wanted to move to those countries. Only really Zimbabwe and South Africa have explicitly restricted DOs to OMM only, but this is more due to the non-US DO degrees being nothing more than an OMT degree in many countries.
One thing to keep in mind is that with regards to aid organizations the individual must be licensed by their home country (i.e. US), and with that they can work freely under those organizations in most countries (not all). These maps and such are more for people who want to physically move to those places and set up their own practice there.
It's important to recognize that in many countries you have plenty of hoops to jump through regardless assuming you even become a citizen. Even in the US you have to take the whole series of licensing exams and attain/repeat residency training here. Other countries have similar or even more stringent requirements.
They can't. I explicitly looked into this a few years so when I was applying. There's a handful of countries that recognize the SGU MD degree that do not recognize the DO degree, and another handful that recognize the DO degree but not the SGU MD degree. Most of the countries overlap, and I believe there are in fact numerically more countries that recognize the US DO degree than the SGE MD degree.
There is a very clear difference between US MD and Carib (or any foreign) MD. In fact recognition has more to do with the country of medical education than the actual degree. Although the MD degree is better known globally, a Carib MD has significantly less recognition globally than a US MD.
Anyone who starts med school this year and later will be ACGME trained. Even now the majority of DOs are ACGME trained. Also, most AOA residencies don't sponsor/accept Canadian citizens, so they'd have to go ACGME (or Canada). Also it varies by province whether you're viewed as an IMG in the Canadian match (but the provinces with the most residencies do view DOs as IMGs). That said, if you're ACGME trained in the US as a Canadian, you don't even have to worry about the Canadian match, you could just go there after training (but most don't want to).
To be more specific Quebec and BC require 1 year residency in the US (AOA or ACGME) and 1 yr in Canada (for Quebec that year has to be in Quebec). Nova Scotia and Ontario requires an ACGME or Canadian residency. The others vary, but most (including those above) require passing of licensing exams and some require 2 yrs of GME (AOA or ACGME).
Basically with the exception of Quebec and BC, you just need to do an ACGME residency and then you should be fine. Even with those provinces you just need to add a 1 yr residency in Quebec and you could practice anywhere in Canada provided you pass the licensing exams.
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Of course there are differences. There are different accrediting bodies that award these degrees. Names don't make degrees equal.
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I remember reading somewhere back then that if you do a FM residency (and licensing) in states, you don't even need to redo the licencing process to practice in Canada. Now I don't remember where I read it or if it is actually true...
