Today I learned about two dangerous variants of DVT, Phlegmasia alba dolens, and phlegmasia cerula dolens.
phlegmasia alba dolens is when an occluded dvt leads to venous congestion, but still some drainage, edema, and arterial spasm, leaving the patient with a painful swollen white limb. This condition can progress to phlegmasia cerula dolens
phlegmasia cerula dolens is when a occluded dvt leads to absolutely no venous drainage, leading to a cyanotic limb. This is essentially the beginning of a
compartment syndrome, which not only jeapordizes the limb but also the circulatory system, for 15L+ of fluid can get trapped in the limb,
leading to shock.
Contrary to simple DVT, these conditions are emergencies and at least IR will be needed to lyse alba dolens, whereas surgery will likely need to be consulted for thrombectomy/fasciotomy
if compartment pressures are elevated in cerula dolens.