Even for primarily clinical positions (I assume the direction you are going) you will generally be using a CV and not a resume. For grants it will likely be a biosketch. You generally won't submit anything but an abstract for a poster presentation? At least I've never heard of having to send a CV. I submit one for them to put on file when giving talks, but I think that's just something they have to get for purposes of granting CEUs that ends up in a literal or metaphorical filing cabinet never to be looked at by anyone.
I think the only exception would be if you go a very non-traditional route. Sometimes industry research might prefer a resume, as might purely administrative positions (that are not "clinical administration" like a chief of X, etc.). These would be weird exceptions to the rule though - you will generally use a CV for everything.