Sounds like you need to do a lot of research on fellowships. Why do you want to do a fellowship at all? What do you expect to get out of it? Why are you considering these two fellowships and what do you expect to do with the training afterwards?
AS far as CT, the big difference is that you can sit for the TEE boards after an ACGME fellowship but not after a non-ACGME. No big deal as certification is not necessary for billing (at least currently).
ACGME gives you a lot of protection and recourse from abuse (80 hour work week etc) just like a resident, but you are pretty much stuck at the R-5 level for income. Non-ACGME fellows typically make about twice as much but carry a heavier work schedule and are more subject to the whims of the schedulers at an individual program. If you go non-ACGME be sure to get the details of your schedule IN WRITING including call expectations, work hours expectations, vacation etc. Otherwise, you will likely get screwed. Of course if you find an ACGME fellowship that will let you moonlight you can make up the difference in income and enjoy the protection afforded by the ACGME (the best of both worlds.) IMHO the best is to do off site moonlighting so that you only have to stick to the 80 hour part of the work restrictions. It is especially nice if your moonlighting hospital has paid home call as home call does not count as work hours unless you go in.
RE: Transplant fellowship prior to private practice??? Are you joking? If I was in PP and hiring I would look at that as a big red flag. Are you particularly weak and need some remedial time to get more comfortable with big cases? Why would you do a transplant fellowship in preparation for private practice? Maybe I am off in left field and one of our PP gurus can correct me, but I would seriously consider how this will appear to someone who is reading your CV.
AOA residency is an entirely different issue and has nothing to do with the original post.
- pod