Will a new branch of oncology emerge as new cancer treatments are created?

oelizas

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This may be a little too specific of a question to ask here, sorry if it is.
Right now I am very interested in becoming a Pediatric Hematologist-Oncologist, although I am also interested in knowing how this field may evolve with advancements in treatment over time. I'm only a senior in HS now, so I know that it is impossible to truly know how any field will change in 15 years, but I'm mainly just curious about what the effects of new treatment categories would be.
With the creation of new genetic therapies, immunotherapy drugs, and targeted treatments, will new "subdivisions" of the title "oncologist" be created (like how there are currently gynecologic oncologists, radiation oncologists, medical oncologists, etc) or will these treatments likely fall under the existing field of Medical Oncology? In other words, will Medical Oncology diverge into specialties (chemotherapy specialists, immunotherapy specialists, and genetic/targeted treatment specialists) or will it all just fall under Med Onc since it is simply the evolution of the field?

Thanks to anyone who can give any facts based on the progression of similar fields or really any insight at all!

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First off, medical oncology and pediatric oncology are separate fields. Pediatric oncologists do a 3 year pediatrics residency followed by a 3 year pediatric hematology-oncology fellowship, and treat only children. Medical oncologists do a 3 year internal medicine residency followed by a 3 year hematology-oncology fellowship. This is true for other oncologists too. Surgical oncologists are surgeons first, oncologists second. Gyn-oncs are gynecologists first, and oncologists second.

Thus far, medical oncologists and pediatric oncologists have been leading the charge in immunotherapy for their respective patient populations, so I would expect them to "own" those methods when they become mainstream in the future. One possibility is that there will be an expectation to do a one year "super-fellowship" in the method you choose to focus on. So for instance, in order to do cell-based therapies in kids, you'd have to do 3 years of pediatrics, three years of pediatric heme-onc, then 1 additional year to learn cell-based therapies for childhood cancers. That happens for oncologists who do bone marrow transplantation today.
 
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"Super fellowships" are definitely the trend - in addition to BMT, there are a growing number of Neuro Onc fellowships in Peds Heme/onc programs. It's only a matter of time before an advanced therapeutics or cell-based therapy program pops up. In peds cardiology, there are super fellowships in echo, heart failure/transplant, cardiac intensive care, interventional, EP, and other advanced imaging (CT/MRI). In PICU, neurocritical care and cardiac intensive care years are growing in number - and I know of a few places that are exploring starting critical care nephrology years. Out of peds neuro, people are doing extra years in epilepsy, neurocritical care, and neuromuscular.
 
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@Levo @BigRedBeta Thank you both for your answers! I've seen some BMT and Neuro Onc fellowships before while looking at Peds heme/onc programs before, I just never really knew why they were separate. It definitely makes since that cellular therapies would go in the same direction though.
 
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