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Recently I had the displeasure of witnessing an orthopedic spine surgeon using a tube discectomy portal over 6 different facet joints in the low back, then use an electrocautery to destroy not only the medial branches but the back of the facet capsule itself posteriorly and laterally. This procedure took 2 hours and of course would only be covered through an auto insurance injury claim since there is no code for this procedure other than our RF codes. The prior RF he did (he hasn't a clue where to place the needles) did not work, so he effectively did an open destruction of everything in sight through the tube portals. It does make me wonder the long term outcome when the facet capsule is partially destroyed and on the much higher wattage (used 50W continuous) power than we use in traditional RF neurotomy (typically 10 watts then falls quickly to 2-5 watts), especially since he was using monopolar. See the interesting article below on monopolar cautery and spinal ganglia denervation when using monopolar cautery. Electrocautery also uses 200-500 volts typically. Neurodegenerative effects of monopolar electrocauterization on spinal ganglia in lumbar disc surgery. - PubMed - NCBI