D
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I remember this random fact from one of my classes, and it came up on the AAMC FL #1. I understand why C and D are incorrect; D is nonsense because STN is the drug they give to bind to one of the proteins in the activation pathway
C is wrong because the final products; IL-6 and IL-10 cause cell proliferation (cancer, in this case), so a mutation in the genes would inhibit the ability to cause cancer
I guess B is correct because the final member of the pathway (p65/cRel) acts as a transcription factor, binding to DNA at the promoter for the interleukin proteins and causing transcription of their mRNA.
However, in the passage, it says that activation of this pathway leads to inhibition of apoptosis. Mitochondria are involved in promoting apoptosis; therefore, A makes sense. This paper confirms the role of mitochondria in apoptosis
The Role of Mitochondria in Apoptosis
In their explanation, "Mitochondrial disruption would occur if the apoptotic machinery was stimulated, but these genes are anti-apoptotic."
They are suggesting that disruption of the mitochondria causes the mitochondria to activate apoptosis. However, don't mitochondria initiate apoptosis, and the disruption of their function would thus inhibit the cell's ability to initiate apoptosis?
C is wrong because the final products; IL-6 and IL-10 cause cell proliferation (cancer, in this case), so a mutation in the genes would inhibit the ability to cause cancer
I guess B is correct because the final member of the pathway (p65/cRel) acts as a transcription factor, binding to DNA at the promoter for the interleukin proteins and causing transcription of their mRNA.
However, in the passage, it says that activation of this pathway leads to inhibition of apoptosis. Mitochondria are involved in promoting apoptosis; therefore, A makes sense. This paper confirms the role of mitochondria in apoptosis
The Role of Mitochondria in Apoptosis
In their explanation, "Mitochondrial disruption would occur if the apoptotic machinery was stimulated, but these genes are anti-apoptotic."
They are suggesting that disruption of the mitochondria causes the mitochondria to activate apoptosis. However, don't mitochondria initiate apoptosis, and the disruption of their function would thus inhibit the cell's ability to initiate apoptosis?