Based on what most of my colleagues are doing this summer (ie research) and how even fam med and psych start to become competitive, is it safe to say that for the DO students who are not doing anything this summer like research, their chance to get into something like general surgery (or anything competitive) is nonexistent? Given good boards, good clinical grades and lors but no research?
Step 1: take a DEEP breath...
Step 2: enjoy your summer break...
Step 3: crush your STEP 1... even if you're in the 230s, there are decent ACGME programs that will accept you if you're not a goon.
Step 4: work hard to learn, impress your attendings on rotations(without being a cutthroat duche), and do relatively well on shelf exams 3rd year...
Step 5: crush STEP 2 and pass COMLEX PE the first time... as long as you're in the same range or better than STEP 1 you should be good.
Step 6: get an Honor for your Sub-I early on in 4th year, and get to know the program director well for a good LOR
Step 7: LORs, personal statement, ERAS application
Personal experience: DO student. I scored mid 240s for both STEPs, spent my first summer relaxing/recovering from elective labral repair(I work hard and play hard), usually around 85-88% on shelf exams, first and only research experience was an elective rotation during 3rd and 4th year that I presented a poster as first author at a national conference. I just matched IM at UCSF Fresno (#1 choice). I got interview invites from U of AZ Tucson, U of AZ Phoenix, UCLA harbor, UNLV, UNM, Mayo Clinic AZ, Loma Linda, and a few other community programs. Although not top tier, there's a few University programs there, and all in the west(notoriously less DO friendly). I never got asked once on the interview trail how I spent my summer between 1st and 2nd year. Neither did any of my colleagues who applied and matched in Gen Surg, EM, Anesthesia, Rads(seemingly less competitive these days), FM, Peds, Psych, IM. ALL ACGME RESIDENCIES!
Close friend: matched ACGME anesthesia in a great NY program with STEP 1 score around 215 and no research. Granted this wasn't ideal, and he had to make up for it in LORs/ECs.
Other friend: matched ACGME U of AZ Phoenix with average board scores and similar research as myself. Excellent clinical thinker. Worked hard to impress attendings.
Also I was originally set on gen surg, and research wasn't really a huge concern there unless you were looking into academics/big name programs, or subspecialty... they really seemed not to care either way in most cases. You could always check the Gen Surg forums if you're that set. Anesthesia, peds, FM, Psych, EM don't care too much about research either. IM depends on whether you want to specialize or go to a more well know university program. Whatever doom and gloom you may have heard, don't worry so much. Unless you're really set in UCSF, JH, Stanford, etc, or traditionally DO unfriendly University programs, take it easy. Spend that energy on studying and performing well on rotations, and you'll be fine.
If you feel you'd want the competitive edge, have the opportunity, and really want to do the research, then don't worry so much and just go for it. But don't accept the opportunity if you don't want it. Nobody likes to research with someone who's just there to check a box, and that attitude can hurt you if you're trying to get into an affiliated program.