Comprehensive path

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ophtholife12345

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I'm a year away from having to decide between finishing residency and going into comprehensive versus pursuing a fellowship. I enjoy all of ophthalmology and could see myself being happy doing comprehensive; however, I worry about remaining competitive with threats by optometry and the whole specialty moving towards more specialization.

For those of you in the past 10 years who pursued comprehensive, have you found your options for where to live limited or found yourself passed up for partnership/promotion in any way? Also, realistically what do salaries typically look like going the comprehensive path over taking a fellowship?

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Excellent post, also curious.
 
Do a fellowship. It will make you more competitive in the market place, especially in larger cities. Even if you plan on practicing in an area that isn't saturated, life is unpredictable and you may find yourself relocating to a large city and practices and academia will likely always choose the candidate with fellowship training over someone without it. Even if you're a phenomenal candidate and great clinician/surgeon, practices will go with a fellowship trained doctor(especially if that subspecialty isn't currently covered in the practice). In addition, when they promote/advertise the new associate, they love the fact they can say the new person did a fellowship at the "World renown _____". Makes the practice look more prestigious etc. etc.

Most importantly, as with any specialty, the most dangerous doctors are the ones that don't know what they don't know. Regardless of how great you believe your residency training is, you will be surprised at the different ways ophthalmologists may approach the same problem, especially with different tips and tricks to surgery and dealing with complications (intraoperatively and post-operatively). In addition, if you do a fellowship with a different patient population (wealth, ethnicity, location etc) you'll likely see cases you only ever read about, but never saw first hand. Seeing something and treating it is always better than just reading it in a textbook and hoping a patient presents in a "classical manner" so that you catch it. Plus their is a very good chance you'll be exposed to different technology(Alcon machine/lenses verse AMO machine/lenses etc) making you more prepared when you're on your own. You'll be surprised how different attending's across the country have subtle differences in operating (especially dealing with intraoperative issues), and treatment algorithms for a variety of diseases. From this you'll be able to pick and choose what you like/dont like from a wider array of knowledge and will be more prepared once on your own. It is only 1-2 years, and guaranteed you'll be better off in the long run. I can pretty much guarantee you will have many moments where you're like "wow never thought about it that way", or "I wouldn't have thought to do that, that maneuver saved the cased" etc".
 
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Definitely do fellowship. Huge advantage over the course of your career. And it's only 1-2 years. Given the recent optometry push for additional procedure rights, you would be wise to invest in a fellowship.
 
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As someone who plans on two fellowships, I might be strange but I think a couple of extra years isn't that much in the grand scheme of things.

Best piece of advice I got from one of mentors is that you'll never regret extra training and experience. Once you practice you have to be a pretty special person to go out there and do fellowship a few years out. Most people don't have the guts/stamina, but many regret.

Also I couldn't agree more with above post about seeing things at different places. I think I've tried hard to be that resident that recognizes holes in my knowledge and exposure. Though I'm subspecializing in fellowship I plan on approaching it as an opportunity to learn a lot of comprehensive ophthalmology by being exposed to different residents, attendings and generally a whole new environment.


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Anyone with a dissenting opinion?


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I'll support the unpopular opinion in this thread. I kind of talked about what to expect in your practice vs salary in this thread. Remember, if you are a partner (owner) of the practice, your salary won't depend on whether or not you did fellowship. To see where is currently hiring, you can personally reach out to the recruiting companies (sea-change, the eye group, etc) and ask them about their listings in various areas. You will find jobs for comprehensive ophthalmologists everywhere. Usually you can take care of what you're comfortable with.

Even if you do fellowship, or two, you're never going to learn everything. You will have to be a lifetime learner and you will have to pick up new techniques, new surgeries, new philosophies on your own. Does doing a fellowship help with this? I doubt it. Also, unless you go into solo practice you will always have your colleagues (who trained in different places) to ask how they would approach things. You'll have opportunities at AAO and other meetings to bump into colleagues and bounce ideas off of each other. You also have to be wary of fellowships that use you more than they teach you. There are PLENTY of ones out there that will use you and won't give you great surgical experience or autonomy.

I WOULD do fellowship if you want to subspecialize and focus on super complex cases and ignore other sections of ophthalmology. Want to do a re-op on a complicated strabismus patient who still have diplopia after two prior surgeries? Do you want to be doing retinal detachment surgery? Do you want to do complex orbital reconstructions? Yeah you're going to want a fellowship for those. You'll probably need to be living in a big city at a big academic center to get this kind of pathology.

I elected not to do a fellowship and do comprehensive work in a group of a handful of comprehensive docs about 2-3 hours outside of a major city. I wanted to do a little bit of everything instead of focusing on 1 area and subspecializing. I also hate when a patient has 4 different ophthalmologists managing their care. Inevitably something usually gets missed because there's not one person taking care of everything. I've seen it often where a diabetic goes YEARS to a cornea clinic and never gets a DFE until they dramatically drop vision. I like that I get to manage everything (and my patients appreciate that we can wrap everything into 1 copay).

In my short career (just graduated last year from what is probably considered a Podunk residency, been working since soon after graduation) I've been doing surgically:

Cataracts (any severity/grade, premiums, etc), IOL dislocations, sutured IOLs, etc
Glaucoma: trabs, tubes, starting MIGS in the next few months (never did these in training)
Retina: injections, laser (PRP, retinopexies, focals)
Plastics: Blephs, ectropions (wedge resection, tarsal strips, etc), excisional biopsies/minor reconstructions, entropions, botox
Strabismus: horizontal muscle surgery only
Cornea: Pterygia, (havent gotten into PKP or DSEK because of graft tissue handling issues), scrapings, etc.

I feel comfortable doing all of this. They're all pretty basic, straightforward cases. Anything absolutely crazy I will refer to a subspecialist for treatment. I keep track of all of my outcomes and so far things have been going well. In the clinic I also see neuro, uveitis, kids, glasses/contacts; pretty much whatever needs to be done.

If optometry were ever to get the ability to do the above procedures, my plan is not to do fellowship but to go to law school. I will finish my career by suing optometrists for malpractice. I'll probably be able buy a helicopter at that point, too.

So far I am very happy with my decision.
 
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For those that are ardent in their support of doing a fellowship for the sake of job security, etc, how do you choose a fellowship if you enjoy lots of things about lots of subspecialties, but don't have a strong/stronger inclination to any one in particular? I am leaning toward doing a fellowship for some of the above reasons, but am having a really hard time pulling the trigger and committing to just one part of ophthalmology for a fellowship. In the past week alone I've jumped from thinking about cornea, to retina, to medical retina, to plastics (even though it's probably too late for that), to comprehensive, and back to cornea.
 
I'm in the same boat. I've jumped back and forth between comprehensive, cornea, medical retina, surgical retina, and back again.
 
For those that are ardent in their support of doing a fellowship for the sake of job security, etc, how do you choose a fellowship if you enjoy lots of things about lots of subspecialties, but don't have a strong/stronger inclination to any one in particular? I am leaning toward doing a fellowship for some of the above reasons, but am having a really hard time pulling the trigger and committing to just one part of ophthalmology for a fellowship. In the past week alone I've jumped from thinking about cornea, to retina, to medical retina, to plastics (even though it's probably too late for that), to comprehensive, and back to cornea.

So this isn't quite a direct answer to your question, but you should truly do a fellowship if you want to truly be a specialist in that field. I would disagree with other posters that say you have to forsake other parts of ophthalmology or have to take care of super complex patients. In fact, in private practice, even specialists see pretty fairly mundane things. Typically if you do cornea or glaucoma, you can often do a combination of your field plus comprehensive. However, you should be happy for referrals for patients with issues in your specialty, and be ok with those patients being a significant portion of your practice.

Fellowship is tough, even if it's only 1-2 years. Programs often abuse their fellows more than their residents because programs essentially have an attending on retainer on a resident or sub-resident salary, or nothing in a few programs. However, if you truly love your field, then it's worth it (usually).

I would say, be careful about advice about being able to do a bit of everything. First of all, it's dependent on how well your program will train you. Good programs will train you to perform a lot of bread and butter surgeries. Other programs will only train you enough to do phacos and some laser procedures. If you're unfortunately at a program where the latter is true, you would have to do a fellowship to expand your repertoire. The other thing is that if perform a wide variety of surgeries and procedures, be sure you can handle the complications or know when to send out cases that you know you cannot handle.

That also brings up some other good points; even if you can do a lot of procedures and surgeries, you have to factor in whether a) it's worth the legal risk of doing so, and b) whether you'll be pissing off your consultants. For the first part, if you do procedures that tend to be more in the domain of specialists (e.g. intravitreal injections) or manage pathology that specialists usually manage, and if you get a lawsuit, a malpractice attorney will be quick to harp on the fact you did not do a fellowship in that field. If you're in a remote and rural location, it may slide, but if you're in an area where there are plenty of consultants, you will be grilled on why you were managing something that other specialists manage on a daily basis. The second part should be self-explanatory. If you have complications or complicated cases, your consultants are happy to help you out....if you don't anger them. How would you do that? You either take away their patients (if you're performing injections on every wet AMD patient coming in and there's a retina doc in town, you're basically taking away their bread and butter) or send them so many dumps from complications they get sick of it. Considering that sub-specialists tend to be well-connected and possibly influential in the field, it's a good way to make enemies that could ultimately harm your practice's future.
 
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I agree with Slide's comments. While it is great if you are in a location that allows for and you have the training to be comfortable/competent performing comp, glaucoma, plastics, retina, peds, ect without a fellowship, this is not the norm. There is obviously a reason these fellowships all exist and it is difficult to support the idea that someone fresh out of residency can provide the same level of care, even for routine pathology, as a fellowship trained sub-specialist. In the majority of communities, the standard of care is that a fellowship trained physician do the subspecialty work and the comp people do primarily cataracts. You will be significantly limiting the locations that you can practice if you are intent on providing subspecialty surgical care. That being said, if you plan to go to an underserved area and believe it will remain without adequate access to subspecialist care, this could be a very good option.
 
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Agree with slide and muller cell. Fantastic discussion.


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